Bones of the skull

Question 1

what is the skull? purpose?

Answer 1

bony structure support face and forms a protective cavity for brain

Question 2

how does the skull form?

Answer 2

intramembranous ossification joined by sutures (fibrous joints)

Question 3

what are the bones of the skull divided into?

Answer 3

2 groups:
cranium (can be subdivided)
face

Question 4

what can the cranium be subdivided into?

Answer 4

skullcap = calvarium

cranial base

Question 5

describe the cranium

Answer 5

also known as neurocranium
formed by superior aspect of skull
enclose and protects brain, meninges and cerebral vasculature

Question 6

how can the cranium be subdivided anatomically?

Answer 6

into roof (Calvarium) and base

Question 7

what does the calvirum consist of? (top of cranium)

Answer 7

frontal, occipital and 2 parietal bones

Question 8

what does the cranial base consist of?

Answer 8

6 bones: FSEOPT

frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, occipital, parietal and temporal bones

Question 9

why is the cranial base important?

Answer 9

provide articulation point for 1st cervical vertebra (atlas), as well as facial bones and mandible (lower jaw bone)

Question 10

what is the facial skeleton known as?

Answer 10

viscerocranium

Question 11

what is the function of viscerocranium?

Answer 11

supports soft tissue of face - determines facial appearance

Question 12

what does the viscerocranium consist of?

Answer 12

14 bones which fuse to house the:
orbits of the eyes,
nasal and oral cavities,
sinuses

Question 13

what is the mnemonic for remembering the 14 facial bones?

Answer 13

Virgil Can Not Make My Pet Zebra Laugh

Question 14

what are the 14 bones of viscerocranium? (facial bones)

Answer 14

Vomer
2 x inferior nasal Conchae
2 x Nasal
2 x Maxilla
Mandible (jaw bone)
2 x Palatine
2 x Zygomatic
2 x Lacrimal

Question 15

what do the 2 zygomatic form?

Answer 15

cheek bones of the face

articulates with the frontal, sphenoid, temporal and maxilla bones

Question 16

where are the 2 Lacrimal bones?

Answer 16

smallest bones of the face

form part of medial wall of orbit

Question 17

where are he 2 nasal bones?

Answer 17

3 slender bones

at bridge of nose

Question 18

where are the 2 inferior nasal conchae bones?

Answer 18

located within the nasal cavity

Question 19

function of inferior nasal conchae?

Answer 19

increase the SA of the nasal cavity

increasing the amount of inspired air that can come into contact with the cavity walls - warm + humid

Question 20

where are the 2 palatine bones?

Answer 20

rear of oral cavity, forms part of hard palate

Question 21

what does the maxilla bone comprise of?

Answer 21

part of the upper jaw and hard palate

Question 22

what does the vomer bone form?

Answer 22

posterior aspect of nasal septum

Question 23

what does the mandible (jaw bone) articulate with?

Answer 23

the base of the cranium at the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Question 24

what are sutures?

Answer 24

a type of fibrous joint unique to the skull

immovable, fuse completely at around 20

Question 25

why are sutures clinically important?

Answer 25

points of potential weakness in childhood and adulthood

Question 26

what are the main sutures in adulthood?

Answer 26

CSL:
coronal suture
sagittal suture
lambdoid suture

Question 27

what does coronal suture fuse?

Answer 27

fuses the frontal bone with 2 parietal bones

Question 28

what does sagittal suture fuse?

Answer 28

both parietal bones to each other

Question 29

what does lambdoid suture fuse?

Answer 29

fuses occipital bone to 2 parietal bones

Question 30

how are sutures different in neonates?

Answer 30

the incompletely fused suture joints give rise to membranous gaps between bones

Question 31

what are the membranous gaps between bones in neonates from incompletely fused suture joints called?

Answer 31

fontanelles

Question 32

what are the major fontanelles in neonates?

Answer 32

frontal fontanelle

occipital fontanelle

Question 33

where is the frontal fontanelle?

Answer 33

located at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures

Question 34

where is the occipital fontanelle?

Answer 34

located at junction of sagittal and lambdoid sutures