4. challenges and crises BRT Flashcards
which factors indicated that Britain was on verge of civil war by 1914
- constitutional crisis
- Ireland
- female suffrage
- industrial unrest
who did 1909-11 see a serious clash between
conservative dominated H/L and liberal dominated H/C
what was the first constitutional crisis 1909-10 over
peoples budget
what was the second constitutional crisis 1910-11 over
parliament act
why did Lloyd georges budget raise anger of conservatives
feared ideas of redistributive taxations and of progressive taxation- saw as an attack on rich
when did H/L veto the peoples budget
November 1909
what was broken when the HL vetoed the peoples budget
the convention that the lords shouldn’t interfere with money bills
what did the veto of the peoples budget leave the liberals with
no legal authority to collect taxes
had no choice but to call an election jan 1910 on issue
what issue did the liberals try to fight the 1910 election on
whether Britain should be governed by a majority of elected MPs (hC) or by non-elected, hereditary peers (HL)
peers vs the people
how did the conservatives fight their corner in 1910 election
suggested there were other ways to raise money- taxes on foreign imports
duty HL to restrain gov from making sweeping changes that electorate hadn’t voted on
what was the result of the 1910 election
liberals won only very narrowly
who were liberals relying on to pass the budget
irish nationalists
what were nationalists prepared to give their support in return for
an attack on powers of hl
why were irish nationalists keen to see the lords weakened
so they could achieve their desire for home rule in ireland
why did lords finally agree to pass the budget
commons able to show a majority for budget and an election
how did liberal bill of 1910 plan to curb the power of the lords
taking away its power to veto
what did the 1910 parliament bill propose
- HL have no power to amend/reject bills that speaker of commons certified to be true money bills
- HL have no power to reject other legislation but could delay it for up to 2 years- suspensory veto
- max period between general elections reduced from 7-5 years
what was the problem with the parliament bill
it would have to pass the lords to become law
what was asquith solution to the issue of the parliament bill passing the lords
to ask king Edward to promise to create enough liberal peers to outvote the conservative peers in HL
who was king George replaced by and why
he died suddenly may 1910
replaced by George V
what was George V solution
tried to get liberals and conservatives to agree to a solution without resorting to creation of new peers
what did the conservatives offer in the second constitutional crisis
offered to reform composition of HL but liberals were determined to reduce its constitutional powers
what issue did the consitutinal conference break down over
conservatives tried to insist lords should have right to veto any change in constitution unless electorate approved such change in a referndum
under what condition did king George finally agree to create liberal peers
if the liberals won a second general election in December 1910
