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history > 20. Britain By 1951 > Flashcards

20. Britain By 1951 Flashcards

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1
Q

The festival of Britain: when was it

A

Summer 1951

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2
Q

The festival of Britain: aims

A

Cheer people up after post war austerity, raise British morale and promote the feeling of recovery

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3
Q

What was it’s symbol

A

The skylon tower

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4
Q

The festival of Britain: main purpose according the Gerald Barry, director general

A

To put Britain on show and exhibit what the country had achieved since the war

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5
Q

The festival of Britain: dome of discovery

A

One of main centrepieces showing scientific progress

Could see synthetic dyes, electrical instruments and a developing embryo

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6
Q

The festival of Britain: what could visitors learn about in the health pavilion

A

Blood, the nervous system, vaccination, training of nurses and surgical instruments

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7
Q

The festival of Britain: what did it consciously imitate

A

The 1851 great exhibition

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8
Q

The festival of Britain: how many visitors were there

A

8.5 million

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9
Q

The festival of Britain: what was there at battersea Park

A

AmericAn style rides on the sky wheel, bubble bounce and flyo plane

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10
Q

The festival of Britain: when did festival close

A

September 1951

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11
Q

The festival of Britain: how did right wing daily express

A

Social extravagance

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12
Q

The festival of Britain: what did actor Kenneth Williams think

A

Madly educative and very tiring

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13
Q

Continuing austerity: when did bread and potato rationing end

A

1948

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14
Q

Continuing austerity: when we’re eggs and soap no longer restricted from

A

1950

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15
Q

Continuing austerity: what we’re still rationed

A

Meat, cheese, fats, tea sugar and sweets

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16
Q

Continuing austerity: what led to a weekly meet ration of four ounces beef or five ounces lamb chop per person

A

Mistakes over imports made my ministry of food in 1950

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17
Q

Continuing austerity: austerity other than food

A

Another fuel shortage, food import prices went up following devaluation in 1949 and the housing shortage remained severe

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18
Q

Continuing austerity: what was official gov estimate of houses a shortfall of

A

700.000 but independent experts thought it was higjer

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19
Q

Continuing austerity: what did bevan minister of health concentrate on

A

Council house building and quality rather than quantity

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20
Q

Continuing austerity: how many council houses built between 1945-51

A

807,000

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21
Q

Continuing austerity: how did fall in poverty become knows

A

Rowntree’s survey in 1950

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22
Q

Continuing austerity: how did poverty fall

A

Welfare reforms financed by high taxation helped poorest part of working class and labour gov achieved clviteually full employment over time in office

23
Q

Labour divisions: who were contrasting opinions held by

A

Herbert Morrison and aneurin Bevin

24
Q

Labour divisions: what did bevan want to continue further with

A

Nationalisation and bring out a more fundemebtak reorganisation in society

25
Q

Labour divisions: what would bevans ideas on nationalisation appeal to

A

The working classes

26
Q

Labour divisions: what did Morrison want to focus on

A

Consolidation to ensure that labour continued to win the support of middle class voters

27
Q

Labour divisions: why did Morrison win the argument to hold back on promising more nationalisation in the 1950 election

A

His ideas were more representative of the cabinet

28
Q

Labour divisions: who else did bevan fall out with

A

Hugh Gaitskell, chancellor of the exchequer

29
Q

Labour divisions: what did the bevanites criticise

A

Charges for spectacles dental treatment and prescriptions

30
Q

Labour divisions: what did bevan argue that charges contravened with

A

The founding principle of NHS that it should be free at point of treatment

Went against basic labour values

31
Q

Labour divisions: how did bevan criticise the rearmament programme

A

He and his supporters felt attlees gov had developed too close an association with Cold War politicise of US

32
Q

Labour divisions: when did bevan resign

A

23 April 1951

33
Q

Labour divisions: why was bevanite rebellion disastrous for labour

A

Encouraged other labour MPs to speak out openly which further encouraged conservatives in their attacks

34
Q

Labour divisions: what was labours lajority after 1950 election

A

5

35
Q

Conservative reorganisation and elections of 1950 and 1951: why were conservatives in much better shape by 1951

A

Lord Woolton reorganised party’s electoral machine and began a great fundraising scheme and a new membership drive

36
Q

Conservative reorganisation and elections of 1950 and 1951: what did conservatives exploit and oppose

A

Labours setbacks and opposed nationalisation of road haulage and steel

37
Q

Conservative reorganisation and elections of 1950 and 1951: how did conservatives effectively agree to a post war consensus

A

Committed to Preservig NHS and other welfare reforms as well as maintaining most of nationalised industries in state hands

38
Q

Conservative reorganisation and elections of 1950 and 1951: how many houses did they agree to build per year

A

300,000

39
Q

Conservative reorganisation and elections of 1950 and 1951: what did Hugh dalton state about labours positok in 1950

A

We have office without power

40
Q

Conservative reorganisation and elections of 1950 and 1951: why did Attlee call a new election in October 1951

A

Carrying on governing with such a small parliamentary majority proved very difficult

41
Q

Conservative reorganisation and elections of 1950 and 1951: who won overall majority 1051 election

A

Conservatives

42
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: what did result of 1950 election prove despite labour not suffering a sudden or massive drop in voter support

A

A serious handicap

43
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: what was the issue with the election being held in February

A

It was before the full extent of recovery was fully realised

44
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: what were many voters still influenced by at 1951 election

A

1949 devaluation

45
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: why else was economic recovery faltering again in 1951

A

Impact of Korean War

46
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: which gov controls had some voters grown tired of

A

Associated bureaucracy, red tape and high levels of taxTion

47
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: what did many years of strict rationing and austerity convince people that

A

It was time for a channge

48
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: how did conservatives play on fact that it was time for change

A

Promises more freedom and home ownership with a property owning democracy

49
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: why were many labour leaders ill and exhausted

A

Attlee, Morrison and Bevin had been continuously in gov, in high pressure situations since formation of Churchill’s wartime coalition gov

50
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: how many voters had conservatives gained 1945-51 to
Labours 2 million

A

4 million

51
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: how did conservatives benefit from liberals decision to only put up 109 candidates

A

Nearly 2 million ex liberal votes that became available went largely to conservatives

52
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: impact of internal divisions over economic, welfare and foreign policies

A

Weakened positions

53
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: what was defeat of labour by in 1951

A

A relatively small margin

54
Q

Reasons for labours loss of support: what wa labours defeat largely down to

A

First past the post

history (44 decks)

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