2.2 Red Blood Cells Part 2 - Regenerative Anemia

Question 1

Hallmarks of anemia

Answer 1

decreased RBC; decreased Hgb; decreased HCT

Question 2

What are 2 pathophysiological mechanisms of anemia (broad)

Answer 2

Decreased RBC production; Increased RBC loss

Question 3

What are three signs on PE of anemia

Answer 3

pale MM; tachypnea; tachycardia

Question 4

What are the causes of regenerative anemia

Answer 4

hemolysis and hemorrhage

Question 5

What are the causes of nonregenerative anemia

Answer 5

Marrow disorder (can be primary or secondary)

Question 6

What is the KEY indicator of regenerative anemia

Answer 6

Increased polychromasia/reticulocytes

Question 7

Name 5 indicators of regenerative anemia

Answer 7

1) polychromasia
2) anisocytosis/RDW
3) increased MCV
4) hypochromia/decreased MCHC
5) increased neutrophils/platelets

Question 8

Normal or high protein in a regenerative anemia suggests….

Answer 8

hemolysis

Question 9

Low protein in a regenerative anemia suggests

Answer 9

Hemorrhage (external)

Question 10

Platelet and clotting factor disorders would present how…

Answer 10

bleeding from multiple sites as opposed to a single focal bleed

Question 11

What are 4 causes of acute hemorrhage

Answer 11

1) trauma
2) thrombocytopenia
3) neoplasia
4) coagulation factor deficiency (genetic)

Question 12

What are 4 lab features of hemorrhage

Answer 12

1) anemia
2) reticulocytosis
3) hypochromia
4) hypoproteinemia

Question 13

What is the best tool to assess regeneration:
a) degree of anisocytosis
b) RDW
c) absolute reticulocyte count

Answer 13

b or c

Question 14

chronic external hemorrhage will lead to

Answer 14

iron deficiency anemia

Question 15

what is the appearance of RBCs in iron deficiency anemia

Answer 15

microcytic and hypochromic; may see fragments and shape changes

Question 16

You would expect serum to be ________ if intravascular hemolysis is occurring and ________ if extravascular hemolysis is occurring

Answer 16

red; yellow