22 - Coordinated Response to Infection Flashcards

1
Q

How does C’ activate B cells?

A

Through stimulation of B-cell CR2

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2
Q

Example of a bacterium that inhibits C’ stimulation of B cells

A

Neisseria meningitidis group B

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3
Q

Factor released by macrophages that stimulates T cells and NK cells

A

IL-12

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4
Q

Monocyte ligand of ICAM-1

A

MAC1, CD18 (dimer, CD18 is beta chain)

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5
Q

Neutrophil ligand of ICAM-1

A

Gp150/95, CD18 (dimer, CD18 is beta chain)

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6
Q

Necessary condition for classical C’ activation

A

Adaptive immune response against pathogen.

Need to have Ig bound to target for C1q to bind and initiate classical.

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7
Q

APC co-stimulatory molecules

A

CD80/86

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8
Q

CD80/86 ligand on T cells

A

CD28

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9
Q

What does T cell do when presented with antigen and co-stimulated with CD80/86-CD28 interaction?

A

Release IL-2, upregulate IL-2R, proliferate.
Express CD40L
Differentiate

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10
Q

Possible outcomes of failed CD80/86-CD28 interaction
1)
2)

A

1) T cells not co-stimulated undergo apoptosis or become angergised (if CD80/86 not displayed, for example).
2) CTLA4 could be stimulated on T cell, which suppresses T cell proliferation

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11
Q

CTLA4

A

Inhibitory molecule expressed by activated T cells.
Binds CD80/86 more avidly than does CD28.
Inhibits T cell proliferation if bound.

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12
Q

Alternative name for CR2

A

CD21 (on B cells)

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13
Q

Th17 basic role

A

Increase neutrophil invasion of tissue, inflammation

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14
Q

Cytokine necessary for survival of memory T cells

A

IL-15

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15
Q
TLR 1/2, 2/6 ligands
1)
2)
3)
4)
A

1) Peptidoglycan
2) Lipoarabinomannan
3) Zymosan
4) Lipoproteins

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16
Q

Cyclosporine function

A

Inhibits IL-2 production.
Blocks signalling through IL-2R.
This inhibits T cell proliferation

17
Q

How can a T cell response be induced against a polysaccharide vaccine antigen?

A

Conjugation

18
Q

Ages in which pure polysaccharide vaccine induces no immunity

A

Children under 2 years