145 - Kidney function, fluid and electrolyte balance 3 Flashcards
Osmolarity trough the kidney
~300 miliosmols/L at cortex to 1200 miliosmols/L near papilla (most-central part)
Significance of 300 miliosmols/L osmolarity at cortex of kidney
Same as osmolarity of the rest of the body
Role of the proximal convoluted tubule
iso-osmotically reabsorbs ~65% of filtrate (without changing osmolarity of fluid)
Osmolarity of fluid entering thick descending limb
Iso-osmotic (300miliosmolar/L)
Where is most glucose reuptaken?
Proximal tubule
Where is the concentration of renal filtrate the highest?
Loop of Henle
Type of epithelium in descending loop of Helne
Few mitochondria, thin membranes.
Very permeable to water.
Impermeable to almost everything else (lacks channels, transporters). Very lipid-soluble substances can still pass through wall.
Why is the descending limb water-permeable?
Aquaporins
Effect of impermeability of descending limb wall to everything but water.
Increase in concentration of renal filtrate (only water can leave).
Gradual increase in concentration of solutes of renal filtrate by a factor of four.
Solute responsible for a lot of the high osmotic pressure in the renal papilla
Urea
Permeabilities in the epithelium of the thin ascending limb
High permeability to sodium.
Low water permeability
Effect of permeabilities of thin ascending limb
Movement of sodium out of thin ascending limb
Proportion of sodium reabsorbed in thick ascending limb
~25%
Proportion of water reabsorbed in descending limb
~10-12%
Distal tubule sodium reabsorption
Regulated, according to body needs