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FIM > 16. c. Legionella Pneumophilia > Flashcards

16. c. Legionella Pneumophilia Flashcards

1
Q

How does legionella pneumophilia get into the body?

A

Inhalation of aerosols from contaminated water

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2
Q

What helps LP adhere to cells?

A

Pili

outermembrane proteins

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3
Q

What enzymes are produced by LP?

A 
Protease
Phosphatase
Lipase
DNAse
RNAse
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4
Q

What toxin is produced by LP?

A

LPS

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5
Q

Where does LP replicate?

A

Within alveolar macrophages

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6
Q

What group of people are more likely to get Legionnaires’ disease?

A

Males aged 50-60
Smokers
Immunosuppressed

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7
Q

What is the incubation period for Legionnaires’ disease?

A

2-10 days

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8
Q

What are the symptoms of Legionnaires’ disease?

A

Fever
Chills
Dry cough
Headache

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9
Q

What other organs may become involved in Legionnaires’ disease?

A

GIT
CNS
Liver
Kidneys

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10
Q

What can kidney involvement result in?

A

Proteinuria
Haematuria
Hyponatraemia

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11
Q

What does LP look like under the microscope?

A

Non-capsulated gram - bacillus

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12
Q

Is LP aerobic or anaerobic?

A

Strict aerobe

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13
Q

What agar can LP grow in?

A

BCYE agar

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14
Q

What samples can be sent to the lab?

A

Sputum
Tracheal aspirate
BAL

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15
Q

What test is used to confirm Legionnaires’ disease?

A

Urinary antigen detection

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16
Q

How is Legionnaire’s disease diagnosed using serology?

A

4 times increase between onset and 2 weeks later

17
Q

What is used to see LP instead of a gram stain?

A

Immunofluorescent microscopy

18
Q

Why are B-lactams not effective in treating Legionnaire’s disease?

A

Drugs need to penetrate the cell to be effective as legionella is intracellular

19
Q

What antibiotics can be used to treat Legionnaire’s disease?

A

Levofloxacin
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin

20
Q

What antibiotic can be used for the seriously ill?

A

Rifampicin

21
Q

How can Legionnaire’s disease be prevented?

A

Pay attention to plumbing

FIM (44 decks)

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