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FIM > 10. Enteric Gram Negative Bacteria > Flashcards

10. Enteric Gram Negative Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Which microbes are part of the normal flora of the intestine?

A

E.coli
Klebsiella
Proteus

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2
Q

Where is the H antigen found?

A

Flagella

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3
Q

Where is the K antigen found?

A

Caspule

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4
Q

What is the O antigen also known as?

A

LPS

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5
Q

What arrangement of flagellae do most enterbacterales have?

A

Peritrichous

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6
Q

What gram staining do enterbacterales have?

A

Gram -

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7
Q

What agar do enterbacterales grow on?

A

Non-selective and selective

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8
Q

What is the optimal temperature for enterbacterales?

A

35-37C

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9
Q

What are the symptoms of UTIs?

A 
Suprapubic pain
Flank pain
Dysuria
Frequency
Urgency
Nocturia
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10
Q

What bacteria is the most common cause of UTIs?

A

E.coli

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11
Q

What infections are caused by E.coli?

A 
UTIs
Intra-abdominal
Neonatal meningitis
BSI
Gastroenteritis
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12
Q

What strain of E.coli is also known as traveller’s diarrhoea?

A

Enterotoxigenic E.coli

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13
Q

What toxin is produced by enterotoxigenic E.coli?

A

Heat labile toxin

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14
Q

What symptoms does an enterotoxigenic E.coli infection have?

A

Non blood diarrhoea
Fever
Nausea

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15
Q

How can you get a verocytoxic E.coli infection?

A

Contaminated food
Animals
Other infected people

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16
Q

What antigens does verocytoxic E.coli have?

A

O

H

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17
Q

What toxin is produced by verocytoxic E.coli?

A

Shiga toxin

18
Q

What are the symptoms of a verocytoxic E.coli infection?

A

Bloody diarrhoea

vomiting

19
Q

What anti-biotic treatment should be given for a verocytoxic E.coli infection?

A

None!

Antibiotics increase toxin production

20
Q

What are the lab results of E.coli?

A

Faculative anaerobe
Lactose fermenting
Oxidase negative

21
Q

What is the treatment for entertoxigenic E.coli?

A

Co-amoxiclav

Cefuroxamine

22
Q

What is the treatment for an E.coli UTI?

A

Trimethoprim

23
Q

What antibiotic resistance might E.coli have?

A

ESBL

24
Q

What infections are caused by klebsiella?

A 
Commonly HCAIs
Pneumonia
UTI
Intra-abdominal
BSI
25
Q

What group of people can be affected by klebsiella pneumoniae?

A

Alcoholics

26
Q

How does klebsiella pneumoniae present?

A

Red currant jelly sputum

27
Q

What isolation precautions should be taken for a patient with klebsiella?

A

Contact isolation

28
Q

What are the lab results of klebsiella?

A

Faculative
Mucoid lactose fermenting
Oxidase negative

29
Q

What antibiotic resistance might klebsiella have?

A

EBSL

Carbapenemase

30
Q

what is the treatment for klebsiella?

A

Beta lactams
Quinolones
Aminoglycosidases

31
Q

What does EBSL stand for?

A

Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactam

32
Q

Which antibiotics does EBSL cause resistance for?

A

Penicillin
Cephalosporins
Monobactams

33
Q

How is carbapenemase resistance caused?

A

Secondary resistance mechanism to EBSL

Plasmid acquisition of beta-lactamase which hydrolyses carbapenems

34
Q

What infections are cause by proteus?

A

UTI
Intra-abdominal
BSI

35
Q

What complication can happen with proteus UTIs?

A

Production of urease causes depositions of magnesium ammonium phosphate stones in the kidneys

36
Q

What are the lab results of proteus?

A

Swarming appearance on blood
Non-lactose fermenting
Oxidase negative

37
Q

Where in the hospital is there commonly pseudomonas?

A

Sinks

38
Q

What infections can be caused by pseudomonas?

A

Eyes
Wounds
Pulmonary
UTI

39
Q

What are the lab results for pseudomonas?

A 
Mucoid
Non-lactose fermenting
Oxidase positive
Strict aerobe
Produces pigments
40
Q

Why is it difficult to treat pseudomonas infections?

A

Intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics

41
Q

What antibiotics can be used to treat pseudomonas?

A 
Piperacillin-tazobactam
Ceftazidine
Ciproflaxin
Aminoglycosidases
Carbapenems

FIM (44 decks)

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