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FIM > 14. Neisseria > Flashcards

14. Neisseria Flashcards

1
Q

Where does neisseria usually colonise?

A

Upper respiratory tract

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2
Q

How does neisseria appear under the microscope?

A

Gram negative kidney-shaped diplococci

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3
Q

What environmental conditions are best for neisseria?

A

Aerobic but need CO2

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4
Q

What agar is needed for neisseria?

A

Blood or chocolate

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5
Q

How is N. meningitidis spread?

A

Droplet

Colonises nasopharynx of late teens

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6
Q

What are the risk factors for N. meningitidis infection?

A 
Cramped living conditions
Endemic area
Smoking
Underlying conditions
Young age
Recent viral respiratory infection
Extreme fatigue
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7
Q

What are the serotypes of N. meningitidis based on?

A

Capsular polysaccharide

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8
Q

Which N. meningitidis strains are hypervirulent?

A

B and C

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9
Q

What are the virulence factors of N. Meningitidis?

A

Pili and fimbriae
Capsule
LOS endotoxin
Can replicate within neutrophils

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10
Q

What diseases can be caused by N. meningitidis?

A

Meningitis
Sepsis
Septic arthritis

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11
Q

What disease can be caused by the W serotype of N. meningitidis?

A

Pneumonia

GI symptoms

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12
Q

What samples can be used in the lab diagnosis of N. meningitidis?

A

Blood
CSF
Skin scrapings from rash

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13
Q

What empiric antibiotic should be given for an N. meningitidis infection?

A

Ceftriaxone

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14
Q

How is an N. meningitidis infection treated?

A

Antibiotics
Fluid replacement
Correct coagulation abnormalities
Admit to ICU and notify public health

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15
Q

Once you have an infection with N. gonorrhoea, you can’t get it again. T/F?

A

False

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16
Q

What are the virulence factors of N. gonorrhoea?

A 
Pili and fimbriae
Opa proteins
LOS
Outer membrane proteins
IgA protease production
Porin proteins
Intrinsically able to acquire plasmids
17
Q

What cells are targeted by LOS of N.G?

A

Urethral epitheloid

Sperm cells

18
Q

What are the sites of an NG infection?

A

Mucous membranes of lower genital tract
Rectum
Pharynx
Conjunctivitis in neonates

19
Q

What is the incubation period for NG?

A

2-7 days

20
Q

What infections can NG cause in males?

A

Urethritis

Epididymitis

21
Q

What infections can NG cause in females?

A

Cervicitis

Salpingitis

22
Q

What complication can arise from salpingitis?

A

Scarring of fallopian tubes

Causes increased risk of ectopic pregnancy and infertility

23
Q

What complications can arise from an NG infection?

A

BSI or septic arthritis

In pregnancy can increase risk of preterm delivery and chorioamnionitis

24
Q

What sample is suitable to culture NG?

A

Swab of the infected site

25
Q

What agar does NG grow on?

A

NYC agar

26
Q

Is NG oxidase positive or negative?

A

Positive

27
Q

What is the antibiotic treatment for an NG infection?

A

Single dose IM ceftriaxone

FIM (44 decks)

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