16. b. Bordetella Flashcards
What disease is caused by bordetella pertussis?
Whooping cough
Reinfection is possible for whooping cough. T/F?
False
What groups is a booster vaccine recommended for?
Age 11-14
Healthcare workers
Pregnant women
What virulence factors help bordetella pertussis to adhere to respiratory cells?
Filamentous haemaglutinin
Pertactin
Fimbriae
What toxins are produced by bordetella pertussis?
Tracheal cytotoxin
Pertussis toxin
LPS endotoxin
What effect does tracheal cytotoxin have?
Paralyses cilia and causes coughing fits
What mode of transmission is present in bordetella pertussis?
Droplet
What causes low O2 saturation in whooping cough?
Bronchioles become blocked with inflammatory cells, lymphocytes and mucous
Causes alveolar collapse
What are the 3 stages of Whooping cough?
Catarrhal stage
Paroxysmal stage
Convalescent stage
How long does each stage last?
Catarrhal: 1-2 weeks
Paroxysmal: 2-4
Convalescent: 3-4
What are symptoms of whooping cough during the catarrhal stage?
Non-specific cold symptoms
What are symptoms of whooping cough during the paroxysmal stage?
Severe cough followed by a whoop on inspiration
Post-tussis vomiting
What does bordetella pertussis look like under the microscope?
Very small gram negative coccobacillus
How many serotypes of bordetella pertussis are there?
3
Is bordetella pertussis aerobic or anaerobic?
Aerobic
Is bordetella pertussis encapsulated?
Yes
When should BP be suspected?
Any cough that lasts more than 2 weeks
How could BP be detected via blood test?
Increased lymphocytes
What samples can be sent to the lab?
Pernasal
Serum
What complications can arise from BP?
Pneumonia
Seizures
Encephaltopathy
Death
What culture will BP grow on?
Charcoal blood agar
How is BP detected in serology?
Anti-pertussis IgG detected after 2 weeks of onset of symptoms
What treatment can be given for Whooping cough?
Supportive, ICU if needed
Erythromycin or clarithromycin can be given during the catarrhal stage
What type of vaccine is used to prevent whooping cough?
Acellular vaccine
Has antigen to virulence factors
