XII: Chapter 16- Environmental Issues Flashcards
When was the Environmental (protection) Act passed?
1986
Should the velocity of the air passing through electrostatic precipitator be low or high?
It should be low enough to allow the dust to fall
According to _____________ particulate size 2.5micrometers or less in diameter (PM 2.5) are responsible for causing the greatest harm to human health.
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
When did the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act come into force?
1981
When was the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act amended to include noise as an air pollutant?
1987
In 1991, which position did Delhi grab in the list of the 41 most polluted cities of the world?
4th
According to Euro III laws, in diesel and petrol sulphur should be controlled at
Diesel- 350 ppm
Petrol- 150 ppm
According to Euro III laws aromatic hydrocarbons should be contained at what percent of the concerned fuel?
42%
When was the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act passed?
1974
Which metals are characterised as heavy metals?
Metals with density greater than 5 gm/(cm^3)
In Arcata, biologists developed a series of six connected marshes over ____ hectares of marshland.
60 hectares
Which institutions did Ahmed Khan collaborate with to blends of polyblend and bitumen which enhanced the bitumen’s water repellant properties?
R.V College of Engineering and Bangalore city corporation.
Clouds and gas reflect about __(1)___ of the incoming solar radiation and absorb some of it, but almost __(2)__ of incoming solar radiation falls on Earth’s surface heating it.
(1) - one fourth
(2) - half
WHat percent of the total green house gases consists of carbon dioxide.
60%
WHat percent of the total green house gases consists of N2O?
6%
WHat percent of the total green house gases consists of methane?
20%
WHat percent of the total green house gases consists of CFCs?
14%
During the past century, the temperature of the earth has increased by
0.6°C
In which units is the thickness of the ozone layer measured?
Dobson units (DU)
Inflammation of cornea due to UV-B is also known as
Snow blindness
UV-C damages DNA and mutation may occur. True/false?
False.
UV-B damages DNA and mutation may occur.
When was the Montreal protocol signed and for what?
1987, regarding ozone depletion
In the beginning of the twentieth century, forests covered about __(1)__ percent of the land of India. By the end of the centurey, it shrunk to __(2)__ per cent.
(1) - 30%
(2) - 19.4%
Thr National Forest Policy of India has recommended __(1)__ percent forest cover for plains and __(2)___ for hills.
(1) - 33%
(2) - 67%
When and where did Chipko movement occur?
In Garhwal Himalayas, 1974
When was the concept of joint forest management introduced in India?
1980s
Is DDT a primary pollutant or a secondary pollutant?
Primary pollutant
Is benzyl hexachloride (BHC) a primary pollutant or a secondary pollutant?
Primary pollutant
Is ozone a primary pollutant or a secondary pollutant?
Secondary
Is PAN ( peroxyacyl nitrate) a primary pollutant or a secondary pollutant?
Secondary
The formation of secondary pollutants by the action of one or more primary pollutants is called
Synergism
Which are the most harmful gaseous pollutants?
sulphur dioxide, sulphur trioxide
TOxicity of copper in humans can cause
Hypertension and uremia
Which isotope of strontium is carcenogenic?
Sr-90
Which isotope of iodine is carcenogenic?
I-131
Which smog is also known as Los Angeles smog?
Photochemical smog
Which smog is also known as London smog?
Sulfur smog
What are the component of photochemical smog?
Smoke+fog+ oxides of nitrogen +hydrocarbons+ UV light+PAN+ozone
Which smog is caused due to high temperature?
Photochemical smog
Which smog is caused due to low temperature?
Sulfur smog
What are the component of sulfur smog?
Smoke + fog + S + coal + vapours of sulphuric acid
What is the effect of PAN in plants?
Inhibits photolysis of water during photosynthesis, inhibit chlorophyll formation and PSII
Bhopal gas tragedy occurred due to the accidental leakage of
Methyl isocyanide and phosgene
Which radioactive element does tobacco smoke contain?
Polycyclic radioactive polonium (P-210)
Sound is categorized as noise at how many decibels?
80 dB
What is maximum permitted sound in resedential zone in day?
65 dB
What is the maximum permitted sound in silence zone in day?
50 dB
Minamata disease is caused due to
mercuric poisoning
Cadmium poisoning in humans can cause
Itai-itai disease
Blue baby syndrome is caused due to
nitrate poisoning
Dissolved oxygen content of water is measured using
Oxymeter
Positive soil pollution is caused due to
Addition of pollutants in soil
Negative soil pollution is caused due to
Washing away of top soil
What is known as carbon dioxide fertilisation effect?
Increase in rate of photosynthesis because of increase in carbon dioxide concentration
El Nino happens over which ocean?
Pacific ocean
Kyoto protocol is related to which environmental issue?
Climatic change and greenhouse gases
The ozone hole is present over which region of earth?
Anctartic regiion
