XII: Chapter 16- Environmental Issues

Question 1

When was the Environmental (protection) Act passed?

Answer 1

1986

Question 2

Should the velocity of the air passing through electrostatic precipitator be low or high?

Answer 2

It should be low enough to allow the dust to fall

Question 3

According to _____________ particulate size 2.5micrometers or less in diameter (PM 2.5) are responsible for causing the greatest harm to human health.

Answer 3

Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)

Question 4

When did the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act come into force?

Answer 4

1981

Question 5

When was the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act amended to include noise as an air pollutant?

Answer 5

1987

Question 6

In 1991, which position did Delhi grab in the list of the 41 most polluted cities of the world?

Answer 6

4th

Question 7

According to Euro III laws, in diesel and petrol sulphur should be controlled at

Answer 7

Diesel- 350 ppm

Petrol- 150 ppm

Question 8

According to Euro III laws aromatic hydrocarbons should be contained at what percent of the concerned fuel?

Answer 8

42%

Question 9

When was the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act passed?

Answer 9

1974

Question 10

Which metals are characterised as heavy metals?

Answer 10

Metals with density greater than 5 gm/(cm^3)

Question 11

In Arcata, biologists developed a series of six connected marshes over ____ hectares of marshland.

Answer 11

60 hectares

Question 12

Which institutions did Ahmed Khan collaborate with to blends of polyblend and bitumen which enhanced the bitumen’s water repellant properties?

Answer 12

R.V College of Engineering and Bangalore city corporation.

Question 13

Clouds and gas reflect about __(1)___ of the incoming solar radiation and absorb some of it, but almost __(2)__ of incoming solar radiation falls on Earth’s surface heating it.

Answer 13

(1) - one fourth

(2) - half

Question 14

WHat percent of the total green house gases consists of carbon dioxide.

Answer 14

60%

Question 15

WHat percent of the total green house gases consists of N2O?

Answer 15

6%

Question 16

WHat percent of the total green house gases consists of methane?

Answer 16

20%

Question 17

WHat percent of the total green house gases consists of CFCs?

Answer 17

14%

Question 18

During the past century, the temperature of the earth has increased by

Answer 18

0.6°C

Question 19

In which units is the thickness of the ozone layer measured?

Answer 19

Dobson units (DU)

Question 20

Inflammation of cornea due to UV-B is also known as

Answer 20

Snow blindness

Question 21

UV-C damages DNA and mutation may occur. True/false?

Answer 21

False.

UV-B damages DNA and mutation may occur.

Question 22

When was the Montreal protocol signed and for what?

Answer 22

1987, regarding ozone depletion

Question 23

In the beginning of the twentieth century, forests covered about __(1)__ percent of the land of India. By the end of the centurey, it shrunk to __(2)__ per cent.

Answer 23

(1) - 30%

(2) - 19.4%

Question 24

Thr National Forest Policy of India has recommended __(1)__ percent forest cover for plains and __(2)___ for hills.

Answer 24

(1) - 33%

(2) - 67%

Question 25

When and where did Chipko movement occur?

Answer 25

In Garhwal Himalayas, 1974

Question 26

When was the concept of joint forest management introduced in India?

Answer 26

1980s

Question 27

Is DDT a primary pollutant or a secondary pollutant?

Answer 27

Primary pollutant

Question 28

Is benzyl hexachloride (BHC) a primary pollutant or a secondary pollutant?

Answer 28

Primary pollutant

Question 29

Is ozone a primary pollutant or a secondary pollutant?

Answer 29

Secondary

Question 30

Is PAN ( peroxyacyl nitrate) a primary pollutant or a secondary pollutant?

Answer 30

Secondary

Question 31

The formation of secondary pollutants by the action of one or more primary pollutants is called

Answer 31

Synergism

Question 32

Which are the most harmful gaseous pollutants?

Answer 32

sulphur dioxide, sulphur trioxide

Question 33

TOxicity of copper in humans can cause

Answer 33

Hypertension and uremia

Question 34

Which isotope of strontium is carcenogenic?

Answer 34

Sr-90

Question 35

Which isotope of iodine is carcenogenic?

Answer 35

I-131

Question 36

Which smog is also known as Los Angeles smog?

Answer 36

Photochemical smog

Question 37

Which smog is also known as London smog?

Answer 37

Sulfur smog

Question 38

What are the component of photochemical smog?

Answer 38

Smoke+fog+ oxides of nitrogen +hydrocarbons+ UV light+PAN+ozone

Question 39

Which smog is caused due to high temperature?

Answer 39

Photochemical smog

Question 40

Which smog is caused due to low temperature?

Answer 40

Sulfur smog

Question 41

What are the component of sulfur smog?

Answer 41

Smoke + fog + S + coal + vapours of sulphuric acid

Question 42

What is the effect of PAN in plants?

Answer 42

Inhibits photolysis of water during photosynthesis, inhibit chlorophyll formation and PSII

Question 43

Bhopal gas tragedy occurred due to the accidental leakage of

Answer 43

Methyl isocyanide and phosgene

Question 44

Which radioactive element does tobacco smoke contain?

Answer 44

Polycyclic radioactive polonium (P-210)

Question 45

Sound is categorized as noise at how many decibels?

Answer 45

80 dB

Question 46

What is maximum permitted sound in resedential zone in day?

Answer 46

65 dB

Question 47

What is the maximum permitted sound in silence zone in day?

Answer 47

50 dB

Question 48

Minamata disease is caused due to

Answer 48

mercuric poisoning

Question 49

Cadmium poisoning in humans can cause

Answer 49

Itai-itai disease

Question 50

Blue baby syndrome is caused due to

Answer 50

nitrate poisoning

Question 51

Dissolved oxygen content of water is measured using

Answer 51

Oxymeter

Question 52

Positive soil pollution is caused due to

Answer 52

Addition of pollutants in soil

Question 53

Negative soil pollution is caused due to

Answer 53

Washing away of top soil

Question 54

What is known as carbon dioxide fertilisation effect?

Answer 54

Increase in rate of photosynthesis because of increase in carbon dioxide concentration

Question 55

El Nino happens over which ocean?

Answer 55

Pacific ocean

Question 56

Kyoto protocol is related to which environmental issue?

Answer 56

Climatic change and greenhouse gases

Question 57

The ozone hole is present over which region of earth?

Answer 57

Anctartic regiion