XI: Chapter 15- Plant growth and development Flashcards
Who developed arc auxanometre?
Pfeffer
Which device is used to measure the increase in surface area?
Crescograph
What is the term ‘r’ in the equation of geometric growth?
r= relative growth rate, efficiency index
Which phase represents the phase of adaptation in a sigmoid curve?
Lag phase
Developmental heterophylly is found in
Cotton, larksur, corriander
Environmental heterophylly is found in
Buttercup
Who discovered auxin?
Darwin
In which plant was auxin first discovered?
Canary
Who isolated auxin from a plant for the first time?
F.W. Went isolated auxin for the first time from the coleoptile tip of oat (Avena sativa)
Auxin was first exctracted from
Human urine
What is the bioassay of auxins?
Avena curvature test
What is the natural form of auxin?
IAA, IBA
Name three synthetic auxin.
Naphthalene acetic acid
2,4-D
2,4,5,-T
Which hormone initiates rooting in stems?
Auxin
Which hormones promote flowering in pineapples?
Auxin and ethylene
Which hormone prevents leaf and fruit drop at early stages but promotes abscission of older leaves, flowers, etc?
Auxin
Which hormone induces apical dominance?
Auxin
Whicch hormone induces parthenocarpy?
Auxin
Mixture of which hormones is used as a dicot weedicide?
2,4-D and 2,4,5-T
What is the bioassay of gibberellins?
Dwarf pea test
Which hormones induce profuse flowering in plants?
Gibberellins
Which hormoes delay senescence?
Gibberellins and cytokinins
Which hormones are used to increase the length of the stalk of grape vines?
Gibberellins
Which hormones cause fruits like apple to elongate?
Gibberellins
Which is the most important gibberellin?
GA3
Which hormones are used to increase malting in plants?
Gibberellins
Which hormones are extremely useful to the brewing industry?
Gibberellins
Which hormones cause bolting?
Gibberellins
By how many times do gibberellins increase the yield of sugarcane?
20 times
Who discovered cytokinins and in what?
Miller and skoog discovered cytokinins in sperms of herring.
Cytokinins were discovered in which plant for the first time?
Endosperm of maize
What did Miller and Skoog name cytokinins?
Kinetin
What did Letham who discovered cytokinins in maize name it?
Zeatin
What is the bioassay of cytokinins?
Retention of chlorophyll
Which hormones are known as true cell division factors?
Cytokinins
Which hormones help in overcoming apical dominance?
Cytokinins
Which hormones are antagonistic to cytokinins?
Auxins
Give an example of a synthetic cytokinin.
BAP (Benzyl amino purine)
Who confirmed the presence of ethylene hormones in ripened oranges?
Cousins
What kind of tissues produce ethylene in maximum quantity?
Tissues undergoing senescence
Which hormone promotes root hair formation in plants?
Ethylene
Which hormone is used to initiate fruiting in pineapples?
Ethylene
Which hormone initiates flowering in mangoes?
Ethylene
Which hormone induces formation of female flowers in cucumbers?
Ethylene
Which hormone promotes horizontal growth of seedlings and apical hook formation?
Ethylene`
Which hormone promotes rapid petiole elongation in rice?
Ethylene
WHich hormone helps break bud and seed dormancy?
Ethylene
Which hormone initiates germination in peanuts?
Ethylene
Which hormone helps in sprouting of potato tubers?
Ethylene
What is respiratory climactic?
Increased rate of respiration during ripening of fruits
Which is the most common source of ethylene ?
Ethaphon
Which hormone is called stress hormone?
Abscissic acid
Which hormones are antagonistic to gibberellic acid?
Abscissic acid
What is known as critical day length?
The length of day or light period in a 24-hour cycle required to induce flowering of long-day plants or to inhibit flowering of short-day plants.
Give examples of short day plants.
Sorghum, strawberry, rice, tobacco, chrysanthemum, soyabean
Give examples of long day plants.
Oats, wheat, potato, spinach radish, sugarbeet
Give examples of day neutral plants.
Tomato, rose, sunflower, cotton
When are winter varieties of a plant planted?
Autumn
When are winter varietes of a plant harvested?
Mid-summer
Which hormone substitutes for low temperatures required for vernalisation?
Gibberellic acid
What is the colour of phytochrome red?
Bluish
What is the colour of phytochrome far red?
Yellow green
Where is phytochrome red located?
On cell membrane
Where is phytochrome far red located?
Cytoplasm
Phytochrome red can be converted into phytochrome far red by
red light
Phytochrome far red can be converted into phytochrome red by
Far red light
Flowering in short day plants in induced by which phytochrome?
Phytochrome red
Flowering in long day plants is induced by which phytochrome?
Phytochrome far red
N6-furfurylamino purine is a derivative of
Adenine
Kinetin is a derivative of
Adenine
Abscissic acid is a derivative of
Carotenoids
Gibberellic acid is a derivative of
Terpenes
Though ethylene can function as both a plant growth promoter and a plant growth inhibitor, it is a largely a
Plant growth inhibitor
Which hormone helps control xylem differentiation?
Auxin
Which hormones allow fruits to be left longer on the trees so as to extend its market period?
Giberellic acids
Which hormone hastens the maturity of juvenile conifers?
Giberellic acids
Which hormone promotes adventitious root formation?
Cytokinins
Which hormone accelerates thinning of cotton, cherry and walnut?
Ethylene
What are the sites of perception of light/dark duration?
Leaves
Biennials are polycarpic plants that normallly flower and die in the second season. True/false?
False. They are monocarpic.
Give examples of common biennials?
Sugarbeet, cabbages, carrots
