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Biology NEET 2023 > XII: Chapter 13- Organisms and populations > Flashcards

XII: Chapter 13- Organisms and populations Flashcards

1
Q

The study of interactions among organisms and between the organisms and its physical environment is called

A

Ecology

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2
Q

Tuna fishes are rare caught beyond the tropics. True/false?

A

True

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3
Q

What is the salt concentration in inland waters?

A

< 5 parts per thousand

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4
Q

What is the salt concentration in the sea?

A

30 to 35 parts per thousand

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5
Q

What is the salt concentration in hypersaline lagoons?

A

> 100 parts per thousand

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6
Q

Is only sexual reproduction considered as inbreeding in ecology?

A

In ecological studies even a group of individuals arising from asexual reproduction) (along with sexual reproduction is considered as a population.

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7
Q

WHat is the value of intrinsic rate of natural increase for the Norway rat?

A

0.015

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8
Q

What is the value of the intrinsic rate of natural increase for the flour beetle?

A

0.12

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9
Q

What was the intrinsic rate of natural increase for India in 1981?

A

0.0205

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10
Q

WHo showed that even a small growing animal like elephant could reach enormous numbers in the absence of checks?

A

Darwin

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11
Q

What percent of all insects are phytophagous?

A

25%

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12
Q

Which type of competition, according to Darwin was the potent force in organic evolution?

A

Interspecific competition

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13
Q

What did Connell’s field experiment show?

A

Larger and superior barnacle Balanus dominates the intertidal area and excludes the smaller barnacle Chthamalus

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14
Q

Are herbivores more affected by competition or carnivores?

A

Herbivores

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15
Q

In a mycorrhiza, what advantage does the plant give the fungi?

A

Fungi get high yielding carbohydrates from the plant

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16
Q

Who gave the term ecology?

A

Ernst Haeckel

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17
Q

Hexicology is equivalent to

A

Ecology

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18
Q

What does autecology mean?

A

Species ecology

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19
Q

What does synecology mean?

A

Community ecology/biocenology

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20
Q

What is the basic unit of ecological hierarchy?

A

Organism

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21
Q

Give the ecological hierarchy order.

A 
Biosphere
Biome
Landscape
Ecosystem
Community
Population
Organism
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22
Q

What is meant by edaphic factors?

A

Factors including physical and chemical properties of soil

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23
Q

What is the vertical temperature gradient over earth’s surface called? What is its value?

A

Lapse rate, 6.5 celsius/1000 meter elevation

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24
Q

What are megatherms?

A

Plants which live in very high temperature region. (Tropical rain forests)

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25
What are mesotherms?
Plants which live in alternate high low temperatures (Tropical deciduous forests)
26
What are Microtherms?
PLants which live in low temperature regions (coniferous forests)
27
What are hekistotherms?
Plants which live in very low temperature regions (alpine vegetation)
28
The timing of seasonal activities of plants in relation to change in environmental conditions is called
Phenology
29
What is the value of solar constant?
5 cal/min/cm
30
What is ground fire?
Burning of grasses
31
What is surface fire?
Burning of shrubs
32
What is crown fire?
Burning of tall trees
33
In which zone do airplanes fly?
Stratosphere
34
Tropopause layer of atmosphere is present between
Troposphere and stratosphere
35
Which is the outer fringe of atmosphere?
Exosphere
36
How thick is the homosphere?`
100 km
37
How thick is the heterosphere?
150km
38
What is paedogenesis?
Process of formation of soil
39
Alluvial soil is the soil
Brought by river
40
What is the size of pigments in clay?
0.0002 to 0.002 mm
41
What is the size of pigments in silt?
0.002 to 0.02mm
42
What is the size of pigments in sand?
0.02 to 0.2 mm
43
What is the size of pigments in gravel?
0.2 to 2mm
44
What is the constitution of loamy soil?
20% clay + 40% silt + 40% sand
45
What is the composition of clayey soil?
50% clay + 45% silt + 5% sand
46
What is the composition of sandy soil?
80% sand + 10% silt + 10% clay
47
Which is the A layer of soil
Top soil
48
Which is the b layer of soil?
Subsoil
49
Upto which layer of soil do roots penetrate?
B layer/subsoil
50
Which is the C layer pf soil?
It has weathered rocks
51
Tropical zone is present between which latitudes?
0 to 20
52
Sub tropical zone is present vvetween which latitudes?
20 to 40
53
Temperate zone is present between which latitude?
40 to 60
54
What is the timber line?
Line above which woody trees are not found.
55
Which trees are found in coniferous forests?
Pinus, deodat, cedrus
56
Which trees are found in tropical rainforests?
Oak
57
Which trees are found in tropical deciduous forests?
Sal teak
58
What are the chapparals?
Mediterranean scrub forests
59
Do rabbit aestivate?
Yes
60
WHat are sister populations?
Different population of same kind of organisms which are found in different areas.
61
Which age group is called pre reproductive age group?
0- 14
62
Which age group is called post reproductive age group?
45+
63
Physiological and biochemical processes by which an organism prepares for the cold weather is called
cold hardening
64
Batesian mimicry is found in which butterflies?
Monarch butterfly and viceroy butterfly
65
Mullerian mimicry is found in which butterflies?
Monarch butterfly and queen butterfly
66
What type of hydrophyte is Ecchornia?
Non rooted free floating
67
What type of hydrophyte is Utricularia?
Submerged non rooted
68
What type of hydrophyte is nymphea?
Floating rooted
69
What type of hydrophyte is Trapa?
Floating rooted
70
What type of hydrophyte is vallisneria?
Submerged rooted
71
What type of hydrophyte is Ranunculus?
Emergent rooted
72
Which xerophytes are known as drought escapers?
Ephemerals
73
Which xerophytes are known as drought resistant xerophytes?
Succulents
74
Which xerophytic plants are true xerophytes?
Drought endurers (non succulent)
75
WHat are psammophytes?
PLants which grow on sandy soil
76
What is the difference between the root systems of drought endurers and drought escapers?
Drought endurers- Have a very well developed and deep root system Drought escapers- Have a shallow root system
77
Which plants have chalk glands?
Halophytes
78
What is the difference between zoochory and zoophily?
Zoophily- pollination by animals | Zoochory- seed dispersal by animals
79
The association between two species in which both are benefited but it is non obligatory is called
Proto-cooperation
80
What is the relation between tick bird and rhinoceros?
Proto-cooperation
81
WHat is the association between plover and crocodile?
Proto-cooperation
82
What is the association between sea anemone and hermit crab?
Proto-cooperation
83
What kind of parasite is Rafflesia?
It is a total root parasite.
84
What type of parasite in sandalwood?
It is a partial root parasite.
85
What type of parasite is cuscuta?
Total stem parasite
86
What is allelopathy?
Plants secrete a chemical which inhibits the growth of other plants around it.
87
What is the relationship between penicillium and streptomyces?
Ammensalism
88
Which are the main plants found in prairies?
Grasses

Biology NEET 2023 (39 decks)

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