Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology NEET 2023 > XI: Chapter 19- Excretory products and their elimination > Flashcards

XI: Chapter 19- Excretory products and their elimination Flashcards

1
Q

What is the excretory product of tadpole of frog?

A

Ammonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

On which surface is the kidney covered by peritoneum?

A

Ventral surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which kidney is situated lower than the other?

A

Right is lower than left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the outermost covering of kidney?

A

Renal fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the innermost covering of kidney?

A

Renal capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Renal capsule is made of

A

White fibrous connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hilum is present on which surface of kidney?

A

COncave surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Renal artery enters into kidney through

A

Hilum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many minor and major calyx are present in kidney?

A

10-12 minor calyx, 2-3 major calyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the cortex tissue between medullary pyramids called?

A

Columns of bertini

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The tip of the renal pyramid of kidney is called?

A

Renal papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What prevents the backflow of urine from urinary bladder to ureter?

A

Oblique openings of ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the smooth involuntary muscle of urinary bladder called?

A

Detrussar muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does the glomerulus of nephron lie?

A

Cortex of kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

PCT and DCT of nephron lie in which part of kidney?

A

Cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which cells are present in the inner layer of bowman’s capsule?

A

Podocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The descending limb of loop of henle is permeable to

A

water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the difference between the thickness of the upper and lower ascending limb of loop of henle?

A 
Upper= thick
Lower= thin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Many collecting ducts of nephrons join to form

A

Duct of Bellini

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Duct of bellini opens into renal pelvis through

A

Renal papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the renal corpuscle?

A

Glomerulus+bowman’s capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How many of the total nephrons are juxtamedullary?

A

15%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Vasa recta is absent in which nephrons?

A

Cortical nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Capillary network around tubules is formed by

A

efferent arteriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Vasa recta is formed by
Capillary network
26
What is glomerular hydrostatic pressure?
Pressure of the blood flowing in glomerulus. Promotes filteration (60-70mmHG)
27
What is capsular hydrostatic pressure?
Exerted by filtrate in capsule, it resists filterartion (10-18mmHg)
28
Net filteration pressure in glomerulus?
10-12mmHg
29
What is renal plasma flow?
Volume of plasma flow to both the kidneys per minute (650 ml/min)
30
Glomerular filteration rate is
125 ml/min
31
What is the constitution of the glomerular filterate?
Same as plasma but plasma proteins are absent
32
Where does maximum absorption from glomerular filterate occur?
PCT
33
Where is glucose absorbed from glomerular filterate?
PCT
34
How is NaCl absorbed in the thin part of ascending limb of loop of henle?
Passively
35
How is NaCl absorbed in the thick part of ascending limb of loop of henle?
Actively
36
What is the function of vasopressin?
Increases reabsorption of water from DCT and collecting duct
37
What is the role of aldosterone?
Increases reabsorption of Na+ in exchange with K+
38
What is the pH of urine?
6
39
How much urea do humans excrete in a day?
28 g
40
What is the renal threshold of glucose?
180mg/100ml of blood
41
What is the tonicity of urine as compared to plasma?
Hypertonic
42
What are the counter current multiplier of nephron?
Loop of henle
43
What are the counter current exchanger of nephron?
Vasa recta
44
Between which values does the osmolarity of along medullary interstitium vary?
300 mOsmol/l to 1200 mOsmol/l
45
Which vertebrate is an osmoconformer?
Hagfish
46
Name the three types of cells found in juxta glomerular apparatus.
Maculla densa Juxta glomelular cells Mesangial cells
47
Renin is secreted by
jUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS
48
Angiotensinogen is secreted by
Liver
49
What catalyses the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1?
Renin
50
What catalyses conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2?
Angiotensin converting enzyme
51
What is the effect of Angiotensin II on muscles?
Causes constriction of muscles- vasoconstriction
52
Angiotensin II stimulates adrenal cortex to release
Aldosterone
53
What is the role of atrialnatriuretic factor?
Vasodilator, inhibits juxtaglomerular apparatus
54
Where does the ornithine cycle take place?
Mitochondria and cytoplasm
55
How many ATP are required in the urea cycle?
3
56
List all the molecules in order formed in the urea cycle.
``` Carbomyl phosphate citrulline arginosuccinic acid arginine ornithine ```
57
In urea cycle arginine breaks to form
urea and ornithine
58
Maximum urea is found in which vein?
Hepatic vein
59
Minimum urea is found in which vein?
Renal vein
60
What are the substances which increase urine output called?
Diuretics
61
What is the effect of cold weather on urine synthesis?
Increases urine output
62
Accumulation of uric acid in joints is linked to a disease called
Gout
63
Diabetes insipidus is caused due to
Reduced ADH
64
What is the tonicity of bowman's capsule and PCT with respect to plasma?
Isotonic
65
What is the tonicity of DCT with respect to plasma?
Hypotonic
66
Mesonephric kidney is found in
Fishes, amphibians, embryonic stage of amniotes
67
Metanephric kidney is found in
All amniotes
68
Which type of excretory structures are associated with osmoregulation?
Protonephric
69
On which level of vertebrae are kidneys located?
Last thoracic and third lumbar
70
Which wall of abdominal cavity are kidneys located?
Inner dorsal wall
71
Which ions are secreted by PCT into the filterate?
H+ K+ NH3+
72
Which ions are absorbed by the PCT from the filterate?
HCO3-
73
The gradient along the medulllary interstitium of kidney is due to
NaCl and urea
74
What acts as a check on renin-angiotensin mechanism?
Aldosterone
75
Presence of glucose and ketone in urine is indicative of
Diabetes mellitus

Biology NEET 2023 (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions