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Biology NEET 2023 > XI: Chapter 5: Morphology of flowering plants > Flashcards

XI: Chapter 5: Morphology of flowering plants Flashcards

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1
Q

What are binneal plants?

A

Binneal plants complete their life cycle in two growing seasons.
First season: vegetatice growth
Second season: reproductive growth

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2
Q

What is a woody climber called?

A

Liana

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3
Q

Give an example of a liana?

A

Bauhinia

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4
Q

Are nodes present in roots?

A

No

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5
Q

What is the length of a root hair?

A

1 to 6 cm

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6
Q

What is the length of zone of elongation?

A

4 to 8 mm

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7
Q

What is the length of meristematic zone?

A

1 to 2 mm

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8
Q

Which zone of root makes it increase in length?

A

Zone of elongation

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9
Q

What type of cells are present in the root cap?

A

Parenchymatic cells

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10
Q

Radicle buds are found in

A

Sweet potato, dahalia

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11
Q

What is calyptra?

A

Root cap

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12
Q

What forms the calyptra in plant roots?

A

Calyptrogen

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13
Q

What is the function of root pockets?

A

Help plant in floating

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14
Q

Which plant has stilt roots with root pockets?

A

Pandanus (screw pine)

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15
Q

Root cap is absent in

A

Hydrophytes

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16
Q

Tuberous root (tap root) is found in

A

Mirabilis jalapa

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17
Q

Buttress root are found in

A

Peepal

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18
Q

Which type of adventitious roots are found in banyan?

A

Prop/pillar roots

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19
Q

Name the adventitious roots found in sugarcane and maize.

A

Stilt roots

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20
Q

Climbing roots arise from which part of plant?

A

Stem

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21
Q

Prop roots arise from

A

Stem branch

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22
Q

Stilt roots arise from

A

Nodes

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23
Q

Tuberous adventitious root is present in

A

Sweet potato

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24
Q

What root modification is found in grapes?

A

Beaded/monoliform adventitious roots

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25
Q

Fasciculated roots are found in

A

Dahalia, asparagus

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26
Q

What root modification is found in mango ginger?

A

Nodulated adventitious roots

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27
Q

Palamate roots are found in

A

Orchids

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28
Q

Contractile roots are found in

A

Saffron

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29
Q

Root thorns are found in

A

Acanthorrhiza

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30
Q

Assimilatory roots are found in

A

Trapa, tinospora

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31
Q

Haustorial roots are present in

A

Dodder (cuscuta)

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32
Q

Hygroscopic roots are also known as

A

Epiphytic roots

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33
Q

Which plant has hollow stem

A

Banana

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34
Q

Which plant has the largest bud?

A

Brassica oleracea capitata

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35
Q

What are true buds?

A

True buds arise at the nodes of stem

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36
Q

Where do cauline buds arise from?

A

Arise from any part of stem other than the node

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37
Q

What are accessory buds?

A

Arise from either sides of axillary buds

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38
Q

Bulbils are modification of

A

buds

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39
Q

What is the role of bulbils?

A

Help in perennation

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40
Q

What are the fleshy buds found in aquatic plant which help in perennation called?

A

Turions

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41
Q

Turions are found in

A

Utricularia and potamogeton

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42
Q

Bud tendrils are found in

A

Cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, grapevine

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43
Q

Stem tendrils are found in

A

Cucurbits and passiflora

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44
Q

Stem thorns are present in

A

Citrus

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45
Q

Cylindrical phylloclade is found in

A

Euphorbia

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46
Q

Which is the rose-end of potato?

A

The end with many eyes

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47
Q

Which is the heel end of potato?

A

The end with less eyes

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48
Q

What stem modification is present in a banana?

A

Rhizome

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49
Q

Which is larger: rhizome or corm?

A

Corm

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50
Q

Simple bulbs are found in

A

Lily, gladolias

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51
Q

Tunicated bulbs are found in

A

Onion, garlic

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52
Q

Which stem modification is found in chrysanthemum?

A

Sucker

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53
Q

Which stem modification is found in strawberry?

A

Runner

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54
Q

Stolons are found in

A

Jasmine and mint

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55
Q

what stem modication is found in pineapples?

A

Sucker

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56
Q

What is a caudex?

A

Cylindrical and large unbrached stem with crown of leaves

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57
Q

Caudex is found in

A

Date palm, coconut

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58
Q

What happens to the stem in a culm?

A

It is hollow

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59
Q

Culm is found in

A

Bamboo

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60
Q

What type of unbranched stem does an onion have?

A

Scape

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61
Q

Which plant has the largest leaves?

A

Victoria regia

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62
Q

In what manner are leaves arranged in a plant?

A

Acropetal

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63
Q

What is also called hypopodium?

A

Leaf base

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64
Q

What is also called mesopodium in a leaf?

A

Leaf stalk/Petiole

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65
Q

What is also called epipodium?

A

Lamina of leaf

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66
Q

What is pulvinus?

A

Swollen leaf base in legumes

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67
Q

What is the petiole of a compound leaf called?

A

Rachis

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68
Q

What are membranous leaf like structures present on the sides of petiole called?

A

Stipule

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69
Q

What is the time interval between two leaves called?

A

Plastochrome

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70
Q

What are the first formed leaves of a plant called?

A

Prophyll

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71
Q

What type of leaves come out of the soil with the first formed leaves of a plant?

A

Cotyledonary leaves

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72
Q

What are membranous, brown, scaly, dry and sessile leaves called?

A

Cataphylls

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73
Q

What are the leaves found on the axil of a flower called?

A

Bracts

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74
Q

What is a tongue shaped leaf covering the leaf base and stem called?

A

Ligule

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75
Q

What areleaf-like structures present on the leaf base called?

A

Stipules

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76
Q

Where are bracteoles present?

A

Between bracts and flower

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77
Q

What is phyllotaxy?

A

Arrangement of leaves on stem

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78
Q

Opposite phyllotaxy is found in?

A

Guava and calotropis

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79
Q

Alternate phyllotaxy is found in

A

China rose, mustard and sunflower

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80
Q

Sprial phyllotaxy is also known as

A

Alternate phyllotaxy

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81
Q

How are leaves arranged in deccusate phllotaxy?

A

Leaves are arranged at right angles to each other

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82
Q

What is an example of deccusate phyllotaxy?

A

Tulsi

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83
Q

What type of leaves are found in silk cotton?

A

Palamately compound leaves

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84
Q

What leaf modification is found in Parkinsonia?

A

Phyllode

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85
Q

Leaf hooks are found in

A

Begonia

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86
Q

Whole leaf is modified into tendril in

A

Wild pea

87
Q

In sweet pea, tendril are formed from

A

Upper part of leaf

88
Q

Rachis is modified into tendril in

A

Clematis

89
Q

What is the axis of of inflorescence called?

A

Peduncle

90
Q

What is the axis of a flower called?

A

Pedicel

91
Q

Receptacle of flower is a modification of

A

Peduncle

92
Q

How are flowers arranged in a racemose inflorescence?

A

Acropetally and centripetally

93
Q

Which inflorescence has indeterminates/indefinite growth?

A

Racemose

94
Q

Raceme is found in

A

Larkspur

95
Q

Which inflorescence is found in mustard?

A

Corymbose

96
Q

Which inflorescence is found in mulberry

A

Catkin

97
Q

Spadix inflorescence is found in

A

Colocasia

98
Q

Which inflorescnce is found in sunflower?

A

Capitulum

99
Q

How are flowers arranged in a cymose inflorescence?

A

Basipetally and centrifugally

100
Q

Scorpioid cyme is found in

A

Rananculus

101
Q

Helicoid cyme is found in

A

Begonia

102
Q

Inflorescence found in oats is

A

Panicle of spikelets

103
Q

Inflorescence found in wheat is

A

Spike of spikelets

104
Q

Mixed spadix inflorescence is found in

A

Banana

105
Q

Hypanthodium is found in

A

Ficus

106
Q

What is the shape of receptacle in ficus?

A

Flask shaped

107
Q

Where are female flowers located in hypanthodium inflorescence?

A

Towards the base

108
Q

Where are male flowers located in hypanthodium inflorescence?

A

Towards the pore

109
Q

What kind of inflorescence is found in Tulsi?

A

Verticellaster

110
Q

What kind of inflorescence is found in euphorbia?

A

Cyathium

111
Q

Which inflorescences look like flowers?

A

Capitulum and cyathium

112
Q

How many female flowers are persent in cyathium inflorescence?

A

Large single female flower

113
Q

What is a perfect flower?

A

Bisexual flower

114
Q

What is an imperfect flower?

A

Unisexual flower

115
Q

What is neuter flower?

A

Flower with both male and female whorls absent.

116
Q

What is the example of neuter flower?

A

Ray florets of sunflower

117
Q

What is a monochlamydous flower?

A

Flower with perianth

118
Q

Which flower is asymmetrical?

A

Canna

119
Q

Which type of ovary is found in plums?

A

Perigynous

120
Q

Which type of ovary is found in guava and cucumber?

A

Epigynous

121
Q

Cauducous sepals are found in

A

Poppy

122
Q

Persistant calyx is found in

A

Tomato, chilli, brinjal

123
Q

Pappus is found in

A

Family compositae

124
Q

What is the function of pappus?

A

Air dispersal

125
Q

What are pappus formed from?

A

Calyx

126
Q

Epicalyx is found in family

A

Malvaceae and rosaceae

127
Q

What kind of aestivation is found in calotropis?

A

Valvate

128
Q

What kind of aestivation is found in china rose?

A

Twisted

129
Q

Imbricate aestivation is found in

A

gulmohar

130
Q

Kidney shaped anther is present in

A

China rose

131
Q

S-shaped anther is present in

A

Family cucurbitaceae

132
Q

What do cohesion and adhesion refer to in anthers?

A

Cohesion- stamen attached to each other

Adhesion- Stamen attached to other whorls

133
Q

Monoadelphous stamens are present in

A

Hibiscus

134
Q

Diadelphous stamens are present in

A

Pea

135
Q

Polyadelphous stamens are present in

A

Citrus

136
Q

Epipetalous stamens are found in

A

Cucurbitaceae, solanaceae

137
Q

Gynandrous stamens are present in

A

Calotropis

138
Q

Diadynamous stamens are present in

A

Tulsi, Salvia

139
Q

Tetradynamous stamens are present in

A

Mustard

140
Q

How many short and long stamens are present in tetradyanmous condition?

A

Inner four long, outer two short

141
Q

What is heterostomany? Give an example.

A

Heterostomany is presence of numerous stamens of different lengths. Eg- cassia

142
Q

What forms the fruit after fertilisation?

A

Ovary

143
Q

Apocarpous condition is found in

A

Lotus and rose

144
Q

Syncarpous condition is found in

A

Tomato, mustard

145
Q

Axile placentation is found in

A

Tomato hibiscus

146
Q

Parietal placentation is found in

A

Mustard and argemone

147
Q

Free central placentation is found in

A

Dianthus and primrose

148
Q

Basal placentation is found in

A

Sunflower and marigold

149
Q

Perisperm develops from nucellus in which kind of seeds?

A

Non endospermous

150
Q

Where is food stored in non endospermic seeds?

A

Cotyledons

151
Q

Which is the outermost layer of a dicot seed?

A

Testa

152
Q

Where is micropyle located?

A

Above hilum

153
Q

How many layers does the seed coat of monocot seed have?

A

One (testa)

154
Q

What is the poidy of aleurone layer?

A

Triploid

155
Q

What aspect of a flower can be shown in a floral formula but not in a floral diagram?

A

Position of ovary

156
Q

What aspect of a flower can be shown in a floral diagram but not in a floral formaula?

A

Position of mother axis

157
Q

What is the phyllotaxy of leaves in family Fabaceae?

A

Alternate

158
Q

What veination is found in family Fabaceae?

A

Parallel veination

159
Q

What is the inflorescence in family Fabaceae?

A

Racemose

160
Q

What is the aestivation of calyx in family Fabaceae?

A

Imbricate

161
Q

What is the fruit of family Fabaceae called?

A

Legume

162
Q

What type of seeds are present in family Fabaceae?

A

Non-endospermous

163
Q

Indigo belongs to family

A

Fabaceae

164
Q

What kind of phyllotaxy is found in family Solanaceae?

A

Alternate

165
Q

What kind of inflorescence is found in family solanaceae?

A

Solitary, axillary, cymose

166
Q

What is the aestivation of calyx and corolla in family Solanceae?

A

Valvate

167
Q

Which floral whorl are the stamens of family solanaceae attached to?

A

Corolla

168
Q

What placentation is found family solanaceae?

A

Axile

169
Q

What type of fruit is found in family Solanaceae?

A

Berry/capsule

170
Q

What type of seeds are present in family Solanaceae?

A

Endospermous

171
Q

Bracts are present in which family?

A

Liliaceae

172
Q

What type of inflorescence is found in family Liliaceae?

A

Cymose

173
Q

What is the aestivation of calyx of family Liliaceae?

A

Valvate

174
Q

What type of fruit is present in family Liliaceae?

A

Capsule and rarely berry

175
Q

What type of seeds are found in family liliaceae?

A

Endospermic

176
Q

WHat is the aestivation of calyx of family brassicaceae?

A

Imbricate

177
Q

What type of seed is found in family brassicaceae?

A

Endospermic

178
Q

What is the scientific name cauliflower?

A

Brassica oleracea botrytis

179
Q

Synthesis of plant growth regulators is a function of root system. True/Flase.

A

True

180
Q

Which cells form the root hair?

A

Epidermal cells

181
Q

What part of zaminkand modifies to store food?

A

Stem

182
Q

What does the axillary bud form on maturation?

A

Branch

183
Q

In which plants does the leaf base expand into a sheath covering the stem partially or wholly?

A

Monocots

184
Q

Where is the placenta situated in marginal placentation?

A

Placenta is situated along the ridge forming a ventral suture

185
Q

How many rows do the ovules born on the ridge in a marginal placentation form?

A

Two

186
Q

What kind of placentation is found in china rose?

A

Axile

187
Q

Where do the ovules develop in parietal placentation?

A

On inner wall of ovary

188
Q

Where are ovules borne in a free central placentation?

A

On central axis

189
Q

What kind of ovary forms a drupe?

A

Monocarpellary superior ovary

190
Q

WHat is the ediple part of coconut?

A

seed

191
Q

Give the example of a monocot seed which is non endopsermic?

A

Orchids

192
Q

What is the nature of seed coat of monocot seeds?

A

Membranous, fused with fruit wall

193
Q

Fabaceae is the subfamily of family

A

Leguminaceae

194
Q

How many styles are present in plants of family fabaceae?

A

One

195
Q

Name all the different types of indehiscent dry fruits.

A 
Achenes
Caryopsis
Cypsela
Nut
Samara
Schizocarpic fruits
196
Q

Name all types of dehiscent dry fruits.

A

Follicle
Legume
Siliqua
Capsule

197
Q

Name all types of fleshy fruits.

A 
Drupe
Berry
Pome
Pepo
Hesperidium
198
Q

A dry indehiscent one-seeded fruit from a supe­rior simple pistil where the seed coat is separable from the peri­carp is called

A

Achene

199
Q

A dry indehiscent one-seeded fruit from a supe­rior simple pistil where the seed coat and pericarp are inseparably united, is called

A

Caryopsis

200
Q

A one-seeded dry indehiscent fruit from an inferior bicarpellary pistil is called

A

Cypsela

201
Q

A one-seeded fruit from a superior bi- or polycarpellary pistil with tough and woody pericarp is called

A

Nut

202
Q

A fruit with a pair of wing­ed outgrowths is called

A

Samara

203
Q

A dry indehiscent fruit from inferior bicarpellary pistil. After ripen­ing the two one-seeded parts separate and remain attached to an axis. What is the fruit called?

A

Schizocarpic fruit

204
Q

a dry dehiscent fruit from a monocarpellary pistil which dehisces by one suture only, along the ventral suture is called

A

Follicle

205
Q

A many-seeded fruit from a mono­carpellary pistil which dehisces by both the sutures, ventrally and dorsally from apex to base is called

A

Legume

206
Q

a dry dehis­cent many-seeded fruit from a superior bicarpellary pistil which dehisces from the base upwards is called

A

Siliqua

207
Q

What is the false partition wall in siliqua called

A

Replum

208
Q

a dry many- chambered fruit from a polycarpellary pistil which dehisces by splitting into a number of parts is called

A

Capsule

209
Q

a fleshy fruit, usually many-seeded, from a simple or compound pistil where stony endocarp is lacking and seeds remain freely in the pulp is called

A

Berry

210
Q

a false fleshy fruit from syncarpous pistil sur­rounded by thalamus, which forms the main edible part of the fruit is called

A

Pome

211
Q

a many-chambered fruit from a syncarpous pistil where epicarp and mesocarp unite to form the separable rind. Many juicy hairs develop from the pericarp, which constitute the edible part of the fruit. This fruit is called

A

Hesperidium

212
Q

a multiple fruit from an inflorescence spadix with fleshy axis is called

A

Sorosis

213
Q

A fruit that develops from the special inflorescence, hypanthodium with fleshy hollow receptacle is called

A

Syconus

Biology NEET 2023 (39 decks)

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