Venous & Lymphatic Disease Flashcards
what are the most common diseases of the lymphatic system
lymphadenopathy
lymphedema
cancers involving the lymphatic system
what is lymphadenopathy
enlargement of the lymph nodes
what is lymphedema
swelling due to lymph blockage
what is chronic venous insufficiency
it is a medical condition in which blood pools in the veins
how can cases of chronic venous insufficiency be improved
cases can be improved with treatments to the superficial venous system or stunting the deep system
state complications of untreated venous insufficiency
recruitment of veins deep vein thrombosis venous ulceration secondary lymphedema chronic pain swelling recurrent cellulite ulcer crusis
describe changes of chronic venous insufficiency
untreated venous insufficiency in the deep or superficial system causes a progressive syndrome - chronic venous insufficiency
what can chronic venous insufficiency cause
characteristic changes, called lipodermatosclerosis, to the skin of the lower extremities, which can lead to eventual skin ulceration
what is venous insufficiency
it is a condition where veins have trouble sending blood from your limbs back to the heart
describe venous insufficiency
blood does not flow back properly to the heart, causing blood to pool in the veins in your legs
what is the most common cause of venous insufficiency
blood clots
what is venous insufficiency most often caused by
blood clots and varicose veins
describe how blood clots cause venous insufficiency
blood builds up below the clot, which can lead to venous insufficiency
state risk factors for venous insufficiency
blood clots varicose veins obesity pregnancy smoking cancer muscular weakness leg injury trauma swelling of a superficial vein family history of venous insufficiency inactivity
state symptoms of venous insufficiency
oedema
pain - gets worse on standing, gets better on raising
leg cramps
aching, throbbing or a feeling of heaviness in your legs
itchy legs
weak legs
thickening of the skin on your legs or ankles
skin that is changing colour, especially around the ankles
leg ulcers
varicose veins
a feeling of tightness in your calves
describe venous insufficiency diagnosis
physical examination
complete medical history
imaging tests
venogram - IV contrast dye into your veins
duplex ultrasound - used to test the speed and direction of blood flow in your veins
describe medication treatment for venous insufficiency
diuretics
anticoagulants
pentoxifylline
describe surgical treatment for venous insufficiency
surgical repair of veins or valves removing the damaged vein minimally invasive endoscopic surgery vein bypass laser surgery ambulatory phlebotomy sclerotherapy catheter procedures
what is a vein bypass
a healthy vein is transplanted from somewhere else in your body
describe laser surgery treatment for venous insufficiency
lasers either fade or close the damaged vein with strong surges of light in a small, specific place
describe ambulatory phlebotomy
numbing certain spots on your legs, making small pricks and removing smaller varicose veins
describe sclerotherapy
a chemical is injected into the damaged vein so that it is no longer able to carry blood, blood will then return to the heart through other veins, and the damaged vein will eventually be absorbed by the body
describe catheter procedure treatment of venous insufficiency
a catheter is inserted into the vein, the end is heated and then the catheter is removed, the heart will cause the vein to close and seal as the catheter is taken out
describe ways of improving blood flow
keeping your legs elevated
wearing compression stockings
keeping your legs uncrossed
exercising regularly
what is the most common treatment of venous insufficiency
prescription compression stockings
state 5 ways to prevent venous insufficiency
don't sit or stand in one position for too long get up and move around frequently do not smoke exercise regularly maintain a healthy body weight
