Anatomy of the CVS 2 Flashcards
what is the anterior surface of the heart mainly?
the right ventricle
what is the mediastinum?
the area of thoracic cavity between pleural sacs
what vertebral levels does the heart lie between?
T5-T8
state the layers of the heart wall
the epicardium
the myocardium
the endocardium
state the 4 chambers of the heart
the left atrium
the left ventricle
the right atrium
the right ventricle
state 4 of the heart valves
the mitral valve
the tricuspid valve
the aortic valve
the pulmonary valve
what is the cardiac skeleton?
the fibrous skeleton of the heart, it is a high density single structure of connective tissue that forms and anchors the valves and influences the forces exerted through them
what are the coronary arteries?
they are the arteries supplying blood to the heart
what mainly innervates the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes in the heart?
the parasympathetic nervous system
what is the innermost layer of the heart wall called?
the endocardium
what is the middle layer of the heart wall called?
the myocardium
what is the outer layer of the heart wall called?
the epicardium
what is the endocardium composed of?
epithelium and connective tissue
what is the myocardium composed of?
cardiac muscle
what is the epicardium composed of?
connective tissue and epithelium
what is the tricuspid valve?
it is a valve situated at the opening of the right atrium of the heart into the right ventricle
what valve does the tricuspid valve resemble?
the mitral valve, however it consists of three triangular membranous flaps
what is another name for the tricuspid valve?
the right atrioventricular valve
what is the mitral valve?
it is a heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle
how many tapered cusps does the mitral valve have?
2
what is the pulmonary valve?
it is one of two heart valves that allow blood to leave the heart via arteries
how can the pulmonary valve be described?
as a one-way valve, meaning that blood cannot flow back into the heart through it
where is the pulmonary valve located?
in the right ventricle of the heart
where does the pulmonary valve open into?
the pulmonary artery
what is the aortic valve?
it is the semilunar valve separating the aorta from the ventricle that prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle
what is the serous pericardium?
it is the inner serous portion of the pericardium
what are the two layers the serous pericardium consists of?
the visceral layer and the parietal layer
what is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium bound to?
it is bound to the epicardium (heart)
what is the parietal layer of the serous pericardium bound to?
it is bound to the fibrous pericardium
