Anatomy of the CVS 2

Question 1

what is the anterior surface of the heart mainly?

Answer 1

the right ventricle

Question 2

what is the mediastinum?

Answer 2

the area of thoracic cavity between pleural sacs

Question 3

what vertebral levels does the heart lie between?

Answer 3

T5-T8

Question 4

state the layers of the heart wall

Answer 4

the epicardium
the myocardium
the endocardium

Question 5

state the 4 chambers of the heart

Answer 5

the left atrium
the left ventricle
the right atrium
the right ventricle

Question 6

state 4 of the heart valves

Answer 6

the mitral valve
the tricuspid valve
the aortic valve
the pulmonary valve

Question 7

what is the cardiac skeleton?

Answer 7

the fibrous skeleton of the heart, it is a high density single structure of connective tissue that forms and anchors the valves and influences the forces exerted through them

Question 8

what are the coronary arteries?

Answer 8

they are the arteries supplying blood to the heart

Question 9

what mainly innervates the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes in the heart?

Answer 9

the parasympathetic nervous system

Question 10

what is the innermost layer of the heart wall called?

Answer 10

the endocardium

Question 11

what is the middle layer of the heart wall called?

Answer 11

the myocardium

Question 12

what is the outer layer of the heart wall called?

Answer 12

the epicardium

Question 13

what is the endocardium composed of?

Answer 13

epithelium and connective tissue

Question 14

what is the myocardium composed of?

Answer 14

cardiac muscle

Question 15

what is the epicardium composed of?

Answer 15

connective tissue and epithelium

Question 16

what is the tricuspid valve?

Answer 16

it is a valve situated at the opening of the right atrium of the heart into the right ventricle

Question 17

what valve does the tricuspid valve resemble?

Answer 17

the mitral valve, however it consists of three triangular membranous flaps

Question 18

what is another name for the tricuspid valve?

Answer 18

the right atrioventricular valve

Question 19

what is the mitral valve?

Answer 19

it is a heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle

Question 20

how many tapered cusps does the mitral valve have?

Answer 20

2

Question 21

what is the pulmonary valve?

Answer 21

it is one of two heart valves that allow blood to leave the heart via arteries

Question 22

how can the pulmonary valve be described?

Answer 22

as a one-way valve, meaning that blood cannot flow back into the heart through it

Question 23

where is the pulmonary valve located?

Answer 23

in the right ventricle of the heart

Question 24

where does the pulmonary valve open into?

Answer 24

the pulmonary artery

Question 25

what is the aortic valve?

Answer 25

it is the semilunar valve separating the aorta from the ventricle that prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle

Question 26

what is the serous pericardium?

Answer 26

it is the inner serous portion of the pericardium

Question 27

what are the two layers the serous pericardium consists of?

Answer 27

the visceral layer and the parietal layer

Question 28

what is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium bound to?

Answer 28

it is bound to the epicardium (heart)

Question 29

what is the parietal layer of the serous pericardium bound to?

Answer 29

it is bound to the fibrous pericardium