Urinary System Part II Flashcards
The mucosa of the organs of the ureter is lined by the uniquely
stratified urothelium or transitional epithelium.
Cells of stratified urothelium and transitional epithelium are organized as three layer:
- Single layer of small basal cells
- Intermediate region
- Superficial layer
resting on a very thin basement membrane
Single layer of small basal cells
one to several layers of cuboidal or low columnar cells
Intermediate region
large bulbous or elliptical umbrella cells
Superficial layer
sometime binucleated to protect the underlying cells
Superficial layer
surrounded by a folded lamina propria and submucosa, followed by a dense sheath of interwoven smooth muscle layers and adventitia.
Urothelium
Walls of the Ureter:
Mucosal
Muscular
adventitial layers
BLADDER:
Lamina propria and dense irregular connective tissue are highly vascularized
SUBMUCOSA
BLADDER:
3 layers – Detrusor muscle
MUSCULARIS
BLADDER:
Contracts to empty the bladder
MUSCULARIS
BLADDER:
With valves to prevent backflow of urine to ureter
MUSCULARIS
Carries urine from bladder to the exterior
URETHRA
has prominent longitudinal folds, giving it a distinctive appearance in cross-section.
URETHRA
Which has longer urethra, Male or Female?
Male
Under Urethra:
Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra
Spongy urethra
3-4 cm long, extends through the prostate gland and is lined by urothelium.
prostatic urethra,
a short segment, passes through an external sphincter of striated muscle and is lined by stratified columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
membranous urethra
about 15 cm in length, is enclosed within erectile tissue of the penis and is lined by stratified columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelium, with stratified squamous epithelium distally
spongy urethra,
The middle part of the urethra in both sexes is surrounded by the
external striated muscle sphincter
