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Histology > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

The ______ is composed of four chambers of the heart divided into right and left atrial chambers and right and left ventricular chambers.

A

cardiovascular system

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2
Q

The right side of the heart, containing the ________, comprises the ______ delivering blood to the lungs for oxygenation and release of carbon dioxide.

A

right atrium and right ventricle
pulmonary circuit

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3
Q

The oxygenated blood is returned To the _____ of the heart and is pumped out of the _____ to be distributed to the tissues of the body

A

left side
left ventricle

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4
Q

to deliver oxygenated blood to cells and tissues

A

cardiovascular system

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5
Q

to return venous blood to the lungs for gaseous exchange.

A

cardiovascular system

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6
Q

transports oxygen and nutrients to the tissues

A

cardiovascular system

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7
Q

Carries away CO2 and waste products from the tissues

A

cardiovascular system

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8
Q

Circulates hormones from their site of synthesis to their target cells

A

cardiovascular system

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9
Q

Regulates body temperature

A

cardiovascular system

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10
Q

cardiovascular system includes:

A

I. Blood Vascular System
II. Lymphatic Vascular System

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11
Q

Blood Vascular System:

A
  1. Heart
  2. Arteries
  3. Veins
  4. Capillaries
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12
Q

Lymphatic Vascular System:

A
  1. Lymphatic Capillaries
  2. Lymphatic Vessels
  3. Lymphatic Ducts
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13
Q

is a muscular pump that propels blood at high pressure around the body through the blood vessels.

A

HEART

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14
Q

The heart is surrounded by a fibro-serous sac called

A

pericardium

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15
Q

heart is a 4-chambered muscular organ containing:

A

2 atria
2 ventricles

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16
Q

receives the blood

A

2 Atria

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17
Q

pumps the blood to the lungs or tissues

A

2 Ventricles

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18
Q

COMPONENTS OF THE HEART

A
  1. Cardiac Layers (tunicae)
  2. Fibrous Skeleton
  3. Heart Valves
  4. Impulses generating and impulse conducting system
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19
Q

Cardiac Layers (tunicae):

A

a. Endocardium (tunica intima)
b. Myocardium (tunica media)
c. Epicardium (tunica adventitia)

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20
Q

LAYERS OF THE HEART

A

A. ENDOCARDIUM (TUNICA INTIMA)
B. MYOCARDIUM (TUNICA MEDIA)
C. EPICARDIUM (TUNICA ADVENTITIA)

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21
Q

lines the lumen of the heart

A

ENDOCARDIUM (TUNICA INTIMA)

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22
Q

Composed of simple squamous epithelium (endothelium)

A

ENDOCARDIUM (TUNICA INTIMA)

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23
Q

underlined by subendocardium

A

ENDOCARDIUM (TUNICA INTIMA)

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24
Q

there is a small layer of loose connective tissue and some adipose tissue

A

ENDOCARDIUM (TUNICA INTIMA)

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25
Q

consists of layers of cardiac muscles

A

MYOCARDIUM (TUNICA MEDIA)

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26
Q

contracts to propel blood into the arteries for distribution to the tissues

A

MYOCARDIUM (TUNICA MEDIA)

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27
Q

thickest layer of the heart

A

MYOCARDIUM (TUNICA MEDIA)

28
Q

outermost layer of the heart

A

EPICARDIUM (TUNICA ADVENTITIA)

29
Q

constitutes the visceral layer of the epithelium

A

EPICARDIUM (TUNICA ADVENTITIA)

30
Q

constitutes the visceral layer of the epithelium

A

EPICARDIUM (TUNICA ADVENTITIA)

31
Q

covered with simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium)

A

EPICARDIUM (TUNICA ADVENTITIA)

32
Q

central support of the heart

A

FIBROUS SKELETON (CARDIAC)

33
Q

thick bundles of collagen fibers oriented in various directions

A

FIBROUS SKELETON (CARDIAC)

34
Q

Components of Fibrous Skeleton (Cardiac)

A
  • SEPTUM MEMBRANACEUM
  • TRIGONA FIBROSA
  • ANNULI FIBROSI
35
Q

composed of a skeleton of fibrous connective tissue

A

HEART VALVES

36
Q

allows blood to flow in only one direction through the chambers

A

HEART VALVES

37
Q

lined on both sides by the endothelium

A

HEART VALVES

38
Q

attached to the annuli fibrosi

A

HEART VALVE

39
Q

Heart valves includes:

A

a. ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVE:
- TRICUSPID
- MITRAL
b. AORTIC VALVE
c. PULMONARY VALVE

40
Q

pacemaker

A

SINOATRIAL (SA) NODE

41
Q

generates impulses that initiate contraction of atrial muscle cells

A

SINOATRIAL (SA) NODE

42
Q

similar in structure to the SA node

A

ATRIOVENTRICULAR (AV) NODE

43
Q

can become the pacemaker in case of SA pathology

A

ATRIOVENTRICULAR (AV) NODE

44
Q

band of conducting tissue radiating from the AV node into the interventricular septum `where it divides into 2 branches

A

ATRIOVENTRICULAR BUNDLE OF HIS

45
Q

Large, modified cardiac muscle cells

A

PURJINKE FIBERS

46
Q

conducts oxygenated blood away from the heart to the capillaries

A

ARTERIES

47
Q

Types of Arteries:

A

A. ELASTIC ARTERIES (LARGE)
B. DISTRIBUTING OR MUSCULAR (MEDIUM)
C. ARTERIOLE (SMALL)
D. METARTERIOLES

48
Q

Types of Arteries:

also known as conducting arteries

A

ELASTIC ARTERIES (LARGE)

49
Q

Types of Arteries:

receives blood directly from the heart

A

ELASTIC ARTERIES (LARGE)

50
Q

Example of elastic arteries

A

aorta and its major branches

51
Q

Types of Arteries:

distribute blood to various organs

A

DISTRIBUTING OR MUSCULAR (MEDIUM)

52
Q

Example of Distributing or Muscular (Medium) of Arteries

A

named arteries of the human bod

53
Q

Types of Arteries:

smallest arteries and regulates blood pressure

A

ARTERIOLE (SMALL)

54
Q

Types of Arteries:

give rise to capillaries

A

METARTERIOLES

55
Q

Three basic layers of Metarterioles

A

Tunica Intima
Tunica Media
Tunica Adventitia

56
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

innermost layer

A

Tunica Intima

57
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

Simple Squamous (endothelium)

A

Tunica Intima

58
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

Subendothelium

A

Tunica Intima

59
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

Internal Elastic Cartilage

A

Tunica Intima

60
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

smooth muscle

A

Tunica Media

61
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

thickest coat

A

Tunica Media

62
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

corresponds to myocardium of the heart

A

Tunica Media

63
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

outermost layer

A

Tunica Adventitia

64
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

simple squamous epithelium, basement membrane, connective tissue, blood vessels, and sometimes smooth muscle cell

A

Tunica Adventitia

65
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

thinnest coat

A

Tunica Adventitia

66
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

has external elastic membrane

A

Tunica Adventitia

67
Q

Three Basic Layers of Metarterioles:

has vasa vasorum

A

Tunica Adventitia

Histology (37 decks)

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