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Histology > The Cell (PPT based) > Flashcards

The Cell (PPT based) Flashcards

1
Q

each cell is a discrete entity bound by a membrane that “isolates” it from it environment

A

Cell

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2
Q

What are the 3 components of the body?

A
  1. Cell
  2. Intercellular or extracellular substances
  3. Body fluids
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3
Q

materials that lie between cells to support and nourish them

A

Intercellular or extracellular substances

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4
Q

Body fluids includes:

A
  1. Blood
  2. Tissue or intercellular fluid
  3. Lymph
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5
Q

Body fluids:
confined within the vascular system

A

Blood

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6
Q

Body fluids:
between and around cells

A

tissue or intercellular fluid

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7
Q

Body fluids:
drain tissue fluid back to the venous system

A

lymph

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8
Q

The science concerned with the minute structure of cells, tissues and organs in relation to their function.

A

Histology: Microanatomy

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9
Q

the smallest unit of protoplasm capable of living independently. It is the structural and functional unit of the body.

A

The cell

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10
Q

2 types of cells:
found in primitive cells such as bacteria

A

PROKARYOTIC

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11
Q

2 types of cells:
in all higher plants and animals

A

EUKARYOTIC

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12
Q

2 types of cells:
metabolic and hereditary components are mixed

A

PROKARYOTIC

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13
Q

2 types of cells:
bulk or hereditary material is isolated in a membrane-bound nucleus lying in the remainder of the cell or cytoplasm

A

EUKARYOTIC

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14
Q

2 types of cells:
have no histones (specific basic proteins) bound to their DNA

A

PROKARYOTIC

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15
Q

2 types of cells:
no membranous organelles

A

PROKARYOTIC

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16
Q

What are the components of protoplasm?

A
  1. Protein
  2. Nucleic acids
  3. Carbohydrates
  4. Lipid
  5. Inorganic Materials
  6. Water
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17
Q

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
main structural elements of the cell and the intercellular material

A

PROTEIN

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18
Q

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
exist as: pure lipoprotein, glycoprotein, proteoglycan, or mucoprotein

A

PROTEIN

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19
Q

NUCLEIC ACIDS:
found mainly in the nucleus

A

DNA

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20
Q

NUCLEIC ACIDS:
nucleus and cytoplasm

A

RNA

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21
Q

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
as glucose, stored as glycogen

A

CARBOHYDRATES

22
Q

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
- also an energy source
- important component of cellular membrane

23
Q

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
- exists as: free radicals
- sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), phosphate (HPO42-), chloride (Cl-), and bicarbonate (HCO3-)

A

INORGANIC MATERIALS

24
Q

Essential function of this is the:
maintenance of osmotic pressure gradients

A

INORGANIC MATERIALS

25
Q

Essential function of this is the:
muscle contraction/relaxation

A

INORGANIC MATERIALS

26
Q

Essential function of this is the:
tissue rigidity (e.g. bone)

A

INORGANIC MATERIALS

27
Q

Essential function of this is the:
cell adhesion

A

INORGANIC MATERIALS

28
Q

Essential function of this is the:
enzyme activation

A

INORGANIC MATERIALS

29
Q

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
75% of protoplasm

30
Q

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
partly free: available for metabolic processes
partly bound to protein: as a structural component

31
Q

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:

A

Irritability
Conductivity
Contractility
Respiration
Absorption
Secretion
Excretion
Growth

32
Q

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:
capability to respond to a stimulus

A

Irritability

33
Q

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:
can transmit a wave of excitation (an electrical impulse) throughout the cell from the point of stimulus

A

Conductivity

34
Q

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:
highly developed in nerve cells lesser extent, in muscle cells

A

Conductivity

35
Q

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:
property of changing shape in the sense of shortening
ex. Muscle cells

A

Contractility

36
Q

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:
essential for life. Process whereby food substances and oxygen within the cell interact chemically to produce energy, carbon dioxide and water

A

Respiration

37
Q

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:
imbibition of materials that later may be assimilated by the cell in metabolism or otherwise utilized

A

Absorption

38
Q

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:
process by which cell extrudes material (useful)

39
Q

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:
such as digestive enzyme or a hormone

40
Q

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:
extrusion of waste material from the cell

41
Q

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:
increase in size

42
Q

3 main structural components of cytoplasm:

A

organelles
inclusions
cytoskeleton

43
Q

What is the fluid component of cytoplasm?

44
Q

exhibits functional interactions among organelles

45
Q

Results in:
a. uptake and release of material
b. protein synthesis

46
Q

Parts of an organelles:

A

Plasma membrane
Ribosomes
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Annulate lamellae
Mitochondria
Golgi complex (apparatus)
Coated vesicles
Lysosomes
Peroxisomes
Centrioles

47
Q

Inclusions of cytoplasm:

A

Glycogen
Lipid droplets
Lipofuscin

48
Q

Parts of cytoskeleton:

A

Microtubules
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
Microtrabecular lattice

49
Q

metabolically active units of living matter

A

ORGANELLES

50
Q

limited by a membrane

A

ORGANELLES

Histology (37 decks)

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