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Histology > Digestive System Part II > Flashcards

Digestive System Part II Flashcards

1
Q

Type I collagen fiber produced by cementoblasts

A

CEMENTUM

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2
Q

Covers the central pulp chamber and pulp (root) canal

A

DENTIN

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3
Q

Odontoblasts (continue to elaborate dentin for the life of the tooth)

A

DENTIN

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4
Q

Highly vascularized CT that contains odontoblasts (close to dentin), fibroblasts, mesenchymal cells, types I and III CF and afferent nerve fibers.

A

DENTAL PULP

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5
Q

DENTAL SUPPORTING STRUCTURES:

A
  1. PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
  2. GINGIVAE (GUMS)
  3. ALVEOLAR BONE
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6
Q

Dense irregular collagenous connective tissue (Type I cf) arranged in 5 principal fiber bundles

A

PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT

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7
Q

PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT 5 principle bundles:

A

a. Alveolar Cast
b. Horizontal
c. Oblique
d. Apical
e. Interradicular

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8
Q

5 Principle fiber bundles of Gingivae (Gums)

A

a. Alveologingival
b. Dentogingival
c. Circular
d. Dentoperiosteal
e. Transseptal

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9
Q

Inner layer of Alveolar Bone

A

Compact bone (cribriform plate/ alveolar bone proper)

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10
Q

Outer layer of Alveolar Bone

A

Compact bone (cortical plate)
Cancellous Bone (Spongiosa)

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11
Q

Division of Tongue

A
  1. Anterior ⅔
  2. Posterior ⅓ (divided by sulcus terminalis)
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12
Q

What type of epithelial tissue is there in the Dorsal Surface of tongue?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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13
Q

What type of epithelial tissue is there in the Ventral Surface of tongue?

A

Stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium

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14
Q

from the bulk of the tongue

A

INTRINSIC MUSCLE

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15
Q

attached to bone

A

EXTRINSIC MUSCLE

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16
Q

Located on the dorsal surface of the anterior ⅔

A

LINGUAL PAPILLAE

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17
Q

TYPES OF PAILLAE

A
  1. FILIFORM PAPILLA
  2. FUNGIFORM PAPILLA
  3. FOLIATE PAPILLA
  4. CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLA
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18
Q

Highly keratinized and lacks taste buds

A

FILIFORM PAPILLA

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19
Q

Mushroom-shaped and has occasional taste buds

A

FUNGIFORM PAPILLA

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20
Q

Shallow, longitudinal furrows, and taste buds degenerate after 2 years of life

A

FOLIATE PAPILLA

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21
Q

Possess taste buds

A

CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLA

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22
Q

TASTE BUDS:

A
  1. TYPE I (DARK CELLS)
  2. TYPE II (LIGHT CELLS)
  3. TYPE III (INTERMEDIATE CELLS)
  4. TYPE IV (BASAL CELLS)
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23
Q

Esophagus Mucosa:
Epithelium
Lamina Propia
Muscularis mucosa

A

Epithelium: Stratified squamous nonkeratinized
Lamina Propia: Esophageal & Cardiac glands
Muscularis mucosa: Longitudinal

24
Q

Contains Meissner’s plexus and Esophageal glands proper, Collagenous CT

A

Submucosa of Esophagus

25
Q

Muscularis Externa of Esophagus:

Upper one-third
Middle one-third
Lower one-third

A

Upper one-third: Skeletal fibers
Middle one-third: Mixed fibers (skeletal and smooth)
Lower one-third: Smooth fibers

26
Q

What type of connective tissue is the Adventitia of the Esophagus?

A

Loose areolar connective tissue

27
Q

Mucosa of the Stomach:

Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis Mucosa

A

Epithelium: Simple columnar and presence of gastric pits (no goblet cells)
Lamina propria: Gastric glands
Muscularis mucocsa: Inner circular, outer longitudinal

28
Q

Stomach is divided into three histological regions on the basis of nature of glands:

A
  • Cardiac region
  • Fundic region (fundus & body)
  • Pyloric region
29
Q

Submucosa of the Stomach

A

Collagenous CT, No glands

30
Q

Muscularis Externa of the Stomach

A

Inner oblique
Middle circular
Outer longitudinal

31
Q

Stomach (Cardiac Region):

simple columnar with oval nuclei, mucous secreting cardiac glands in lamina propia.

A

MUCOSA

32
Q

Stomach (Cardiac Region):

SUBMUCOSA

A

connective tissue

33
Q

Stomach (Cardiac Region):

inner circular, outer longitudinal.

A

MUSCLE LAYER

34
Q

Stomach (Cardiac Region):

SEROSA

A

simple squamous epithelium

35
Q

Stomach (Fundic Region):

simple columnar with oval nuclei, presence of gastric glands in lamina propia

A

MUCOSA

36
Q

Cells of fundic region:

A

● Mucous neck cells
● Parietal (oxyntic) cells
● Chief (peptic/zymogen) cells
● Enteroendocrine cells
● Undifferentiated cells

37
Q

Cells of fundic region:

Secretes alkaline fluid containing mucin

A

Surface mucous cell

38
Q

Cells of fundic region:

Secretes acidic fluid containing mucin

A

Mucous neck cell

39
Q

Cells of fundic region:

Secretes intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid

A

Parietal cell

40
Q

Cells of fundic region:

secretes pepsinogen and gastric lipase

A

Chief cell

41
Q

Cells of fundic region:

Enteroendocrine cells that secrete gastrin into the blood

A

G cell

42
Q

STOMACH (Fundic Region):

contains blood vessels, lymphatics and Meissner’s plexus

A

SUBMUCOSA

43
Q

STOMACH (Fundic Region):

an inner oblique (absent in pylorus), middle circular and outer longitudinal layer.

A

MUSCULARIS EXTERNA

44
Q

STOMACH (Fundic Region):

consist of surface layer of flattened mesothelial cells resting on a thin layer of loose connective tissue with blood vessels and lymphatics

A

SEROSA

45
Q

STOMACH (Pyloric Region)

pyloric glands in lamina propria & deeper gastric pits extending half the thickness of mucosa.

A

MUCOSA

46
Q

STOMACH (Pyloric Region)

inner circular (thickened to form pyloric sphincter) and outer longitudinal layer.

A

MUSCULARIS EXTERNA

47
Q

STOMACH (Pyloric Region)

same as in fundic part.

A

SUBMUCOSA & SEROSA

48
Q

Small intestine is divided into 3 parts:

A

duodenum, jejunum and ileum

49
Q

Increase the amount of surface area available for the absorption of nutrients

A

PLICAE CIRCULARES, VILLI, MICROVILLI

50
Q

Keep the intestinal flora at appropriate levels of pathogens, preventing a large number of infections

A

PEYER’S PATCHES

51
Q

Secretes intestinal juice (water, mucus, enzymes)

A

CRYPTS OF LIEBERKUHN

52
Q

What are the enzymes (examples) of Cyrpts of Lieberkuhn

A

sucrase and maltase

53
Q

SMALL INTESTINE:

Fibroelastic CT, contains blood vessels, lymphatics and Meissner’s plexus, brunner’s gland (duodenum).

A

SUBMUCOSA

54
Q

SMALL INTESTINE:

Outer longitudinal and inner circular layers of smooth muscle.

A

MUSCULARIS EXTERNA

55
Q

SMALL INTESTINE:

covers the jejunum & ileum

A

SEROSA

56
Q

SMALL INTESTINE:

covers the duodenum

A

ADVENTITIA

Histology (37 decks)

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