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Histology > Muscle Part II > Flashcards

Muscle Part II Flashcards

1
Q

Motor unit is consists of:

A

neuron
muscle cell it innervates

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2
Q

A muscle may contract with varying degrees of strength because only some of the muscle cell contracts.

A

MOTOR UNIT

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3
Q

Individual muscle cell – “all or none law”

A

MOTOR UNIT

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4
Q

Finer muscle movements require fewer muscles per motor unit (eye movement)

A

MOTOR UNIT

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5
Q

Motor nerve endings (MNJ) and sensory nerve endings (muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs for proprioception)

A

INNERVATION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE

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6
Q

synapse between a branch of a motor nerve axon and a skeletal muscle cell

A

Myoneural junction

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7
Q

Depol presynaptic memb 🡪 Ca channels open 🡪 inc cytosolic Ca 🡪 Ach released 🡪 bind to Ach receptors in sarcolemma 🡪 depol

A

INNERVATION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE

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8
Q

Postmortem rigidity appearing as hardening of skeletal muscles

A

RIGOR MORTIS

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9
Q

Unable to synthesize ATP 🡪 myosin remains bound to actin 🡪 muscles remain contracted

A

RIGOR MORTIS

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10
Q

Sensory receptors that monitor contraction:

A

Muscle spindles
Golgi tendon organs

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11
Q

provides feedback about changes in muscle length and its rate of alteration

A

Muscle spindles

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12
Q

monitor the tension and its rate produced during movement

A

Golgi tendon organs

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13
Q

autoimmune disease in which antibodies block Ach receptors

A

Myasthenia gravis

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14
Q

food poisoning in which Clostridium botulinum toxin inhibits Ach release at MNJ

A

Botulism

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15
Q

Example of this is Botox cosmetic procedure

A

Botulism

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16
Q

Shape and size of cells of skeletal muscle:

A

Long, cylindrical

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17
Q

How many number and location of nucleus are there in a skeletal muscle?

A

Many, peripheral

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18
Q

Is there a striations in a skeletal muscle?

A

Yes

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19
Q

Property of skeletal muscle: T-tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Triads at A-I junctions

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20
Q

Is there a gap junctions in a skeletal muscle?

A

No

21
Q

Is there a sarcomere in a skeletal muscle?

A

Yes

22
Q

Does the skeletal muscle do regenerations?

A

Restricted

23
Q

Does the skeletal muscle do voluntary contraction?

A

Yes

24
Q

What is the distinctive characteristics of a skeletal muscle

A

Peripheral nuclei

25
Q

Contract spontaneously and display a rhythmic beat modified by hormonal and neural (parasympathetic and sympathetic) stimuli

A

CARDIAC MUSCLE

26
Q

Poorly defined myofibrils (thick and thin filaments)

A

CARDIAC MUSCLE

27
Q

Calcium source is more extracellular

A

CARDIAC MUSCLE

28
Q

Has more mitochondria

A

CARDIAC MUSCLE

29
Q

complex steplike junctions forming end to end attachments between adjacent cardiac muscle cells 🡪 functional syncytium

A

Intercalated disks

30
Q

modified cardiac fibers in the bundle of His; for conduction

A

Purkinje fibers

31
Q

Shape and size of cells of Cardiac Muscle

A

Blunt-ended, branched

32
Q

Number and location of nucleus of cardiac muscle

A

One or two, central

33
Q

Is there a striations in cardiac muscle?

A

Yes

34
Q

T tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum of cardiac muscle

A

Dyads at Z disks

35
Q

Is there a gap junctions in cardiac muscle?

A

Yes (in intercalated disks)

36
Q

Is there a sarcomere in cardiac muscle?

A

Yes

37
Q

Is there a Regeneration in cardiac muscle?

A

None

38
Q

Does cardiac muscle do voluntary contraction?

A

No

39
Q

Distinctive characteristics of cardiac muscle

A

Intercalated disks

40
Q

Nonstriated, fusiform

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

41
Q

20 um in small blood vessels to 500 um in a pregnant uterus

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

42
Q

Nucleus has a corkscrew shape during contraction

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

43
Q

Sarcolemmal vesicles (caveolae)

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

44
Q

Contractile filaments (actin, myosin) are not arranged in myofibrils (Non-striated)

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

45
Q

Contraction is Slower and longer (slower ATP hydrolysis)

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

46
Q

types of smooth muscle:

A

Multi-unit smooth muscle
Unitary (Single unit) smooth muscle

47
Q

types of smooth muscle:

Contracts independently of one another

A

Multi-unit smooth muscle

48
Q

types of smooth muscle:

Individual muscle cells cannot contract independently

A

Unitary (Single unit) smooth muscle

Histology (37 decks)

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