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Histology > Ermelat > Flashcards

Ermelat Flashcards

1
Q

Distinctive characteristic of smooth muscles

A

Lack of striations

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2
Q

Functions in limiting hemorrhage to the endothelial lining of the blood vessel in case of injury.

A

Platelets

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3
Q

Individual muscle cells cannot contract independently.

A

Unitary smooth muscle and Single unit smooth muscle cell

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4
Q

Arrange the white blood cells according to number from highest to lowest in an average normal person.

I. Neutrophil
II. Eosinophil
III. Basophil
IV. Lymphocytes
V. Monocytes

A

I. Neutrophil – 60%-70%
II. Eosinophil – 4%
III. Basophil – 1%
IV. Lymphocytes – 20%-25%
V. Monocytes – 3%-8%

Neutrophil, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophil, Basophil

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5
Q

Composed of loose arrangement of fibers and dispersed cells embedded in a gel-like ground substance.

A

Loose connective tissue

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6
Q

Nonstriated, fusiform in shape muscle cells.

A

Smooth

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7
Q

Specific granules of this WBC stain dark blue to black and the constitute less than 1% of the WBC count

A

Basophil

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8
Q

Statement I: Cardiac muscle is striated type of muscle.
Statement II: Cardiac muscles contain more than 2 nucleus and found centrally.

A

Both statements are true

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9
Q

This cycle lasts from a few hours to several days. Cell growth and protein synthesis occur, restoring daughter cells to normal volume and size.

A

G1 phase

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10
Q

Statement I: Fetal hemoglobin consists of 2 alpha globin chains and 2 gamma globin chains.
Statement II: Oxygen molecule binds to the iron found on the heme group of the hemoglobin.

A

Both statements are true

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11
Q

Complex steplike junctions forming end to end attachments between adjacent cardiac muscle cells.

A

Intercalated discs

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12
Q

Kill some foreign and virally altered cells without the influence of thymus.

A

B cells

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13
Q

What type of connective tissue is adventitia of blood vessels.

A

Dense regular elastic connective tissue

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14
Q

Statement I: Dense irregular connective tissue is mostly coarse collagen fibers interwoven into meshwork.
Statement II: Fibroblasts are the most abundant cells found in dense irregular connective tissues

A

Both statements are true

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15
Q

Which band/lines in cross striations of myofibrils describes isotropic, light stained and contains thin filaments only.

A

I-bands

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16
Q

On thin filaments, this troponin has 4 binding site for calcium.

A

TnC

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17
Q

Neutrophilic granules that contain various enzymes and pharmacological agents in performing antimicrobial function

A

Specific granules

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18
Q

Rigor mortis:

A. Inhibition of acetylcholine release at myoneural junction
B. Myosin remains bound to actin thus muscles remain contracted
C. Antibodies block acetylcholine receptors
D. Actin and myosin filaments enlarged

A

B. Myosin remains bound to actin thus muscles remain contracted

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19
Q

Aids in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the cell. Also functions as semi-permeable membrane between cytoplasm and external environment

A

Plasma membrane

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20
Q

It is composed of coarse collagen bundles densely packed and oriented in parallel cylinders.

A

Dense regular collagenous connective tissue

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21
Q

What blood tube will you use to have a serum from blood sample.

A

SST – serum separating tube

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22
Q

Helps eliminate antigen-antibody complexes and destroy parasitic worms.

A

Eosinophil

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23
Q

Wharton’s jelly is what type of connective tissue?

A

Mucous connective tissue

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24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE. Tendons, ligaments, and aponeurosis are example of a dense regular collagenous connective tissue.

A

TRUE

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25
Q

Arise from bone marrow stem cells and function in mediating the inflammatory process and immediate hypersensitivity reactions

A

Mast cells

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26
Q

Statement I: Inclusions are lifeless accumulations of material inside the cell.
Statement II: Microtubules is one of the examples under inclusions.

A

First stament is true, second is false. Microtubules is under cytoskeleton.

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27
Q

Can transmit a wave of excitation throughout the cell from the point of stimulus and highly developed in nerve cells.

A

Conductivity

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28
Q

Epithelium where single layer of cells resemble rectangle, height is wide than width.

A

Simple columnar

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29
Q

Example of the simple columnar, except:
A. Small bronchi
B. Gall bladder
C. Salivary glands
D. Digestive tract

A

C. Salivary glands

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30
Q

Largest of neurological cells

A

Astrocyte

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31
Q

Produced by oligodendrocytes and Schwann Cells which envelope individual axons.

A

Myelin sheath

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32
Q

Epithelium composed of dome-shaped cells on the superficial layer with multiple columnar and cuboidal cells.

A

Transitional epithelium

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33
Q

Example of Transitional Epithelium
A. Stomach
B. Lens of eye
C. Ureter
D. Tymparic membrane

A

C. Ureter

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34
Q

TRUE OR FALSE. Axons send impulses toward the soma to the axon terminals

A

FALSE. Axon send impulses AWAY from the soma to the axon terminal

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35
Q

Mechanism of secretion where the entire secretory cell along with its contents are released.

A

Holocrine

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36
Q

Example of exocrine gland

A

Lactating Mammary Gland

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37
Q

Covering each bundle of nerve fiber.

A

Perinerium

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38
Q

Clear fluid that circulates through the ventricles, subarachnoid space, and central canal

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

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39
Q

Example of holocrine gland

A

Sebaceous gland

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40
Q

Receive stimuli from axons.

A

Dendrites

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41
Q

Glands connected to the surface with a duct – short answer

A

Exocrine glands

42
Q

Can differentiate into both chondroblast and osteoprogenitor

A

Chondrogenic cells

43
Q

Connective tissue sheath covering

A

Perichondrium

44
Q

Most abundant cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage

45
Q

Does not contain perichondrium

A

Fibrocartilage

46
Q

For bone resorption

A

Osteoclasts

47
Q

Contains vascular and nerve supply of osteon

A

Haversian Canal

48
Q

Bone-forming cells

A

Osteoblasts

49
Q

Contain vascular & nerve supply that connects osteonal canal

A

Volkmann Canal

50
Q

Collagen fibers from ligaments and tendons

A

Sharpey’s fibers

51
Q

It is found in all higher plants and animals and the hereditary material is isolated in a membrane bound nucleus.

A

Eukaryotic cell

52
Q

Which is not true about white adipose tissue?
A. Single lipid droplet
B. Heavy vascularized
C. Present in subcutaneous layers throughout the body
D. Common in adult human

A

B. Heavy vascularized

53
Q

Statement I: Skeletal muscle cell contains many nuclei and is located at the side of the cell.
Statement II: Skeletal muscle cell is long and cylindrical in shape.

A

Both statements are true

54
Q

Responsible for the humorally mediated immune system.

55
Q

This organelle is the site of many metabolic reaction, source of the cell for adenosine triphosphate.

A

Mitochondria

56
Q

The first white blood cell to increase and appear during acute bacterial infection.

A

Neutrophils

57
Q

Are modified fibroblast that demonstrate characteristics similar to those of both fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells

A

Myofibroblasts

58
Q

Statement I: RBC functions to transport oxygen from tissues to lungs and carbon dioxide from lungs to tissues.
Statement II: RBC does not have nuclei thus having no enzyme that is found inside of the cell.

A

Statement I is FALSE and Statement II is TRUE. RBC transport oxygen from lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs.

59
Q

Arise from progenitor cells and are incapable of self-renewal. Undergo cell division and differentiation to give rise to a clone of mature cells.

A

Precursor cells

60
Q

This organelle provides an area of storage and transport of proteins.

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

61
Q

Which structure is the functional contraction in the muscle?

62
Q

Composed the CNS

A

Brain and Spinal cord

63
Q

Epithelium composed of tiny squares on the topmost layer with multiple layers of large polyhedral cells

A

Stratified Squamous

64
Q

Example of Stratified Squamous:

A. Stomach
B. Tongue
C. Sweat Glands
D. Skin

65
Q

Function of bone, except:
A. Mechanical structure
B. For protection of organs
C. Home of hematopoietic tissue
D. Storage of plasma

A

D. Storage of plasma

66
Q

Mechanism of secretion where part of the apical cytoplasm is released along with the contents

67
Q

What is non-striated, involuntary type of muscle

68
Q

Single layer of epithelium where the height of the cell is equal to the width.

A

Simple cuboidal

69
Q

Example of simple cuboidal, except:
A. Thyroid follicle
B. Testes
C. Trachea
D. Duct of glands

A

C. Trachea

70
Q

Example of a merocrine gland

A

Parotid gland

71
Q

Epithelium where cells show false stratification

A

Pseudostratified epithelium

72
Q

Example of Pseudostratified epithelium, except:
A. Trachea
B. Skin
C. Bronchus
D. Vas deferens

73
Q

TRUE OR FALSE. The thyroid follicle is an example of an endocrine gland.

74
Q

Function of cartilage, except:
A. Shock absorber
B. Friction-free movement of joints
C. All of the above
D. NOTA

75
Q

Example of apocrine gland

A

Lactating mammary gland

76
Q

Epithelium of one layer of flattened cells

A

Simple squamous

77
Q

Example of simple squamous, except:
A. Lung alveoli
B. Blood vessel
C. Bowman’s capsule parietal layer
D. Ureter

78
Q

Attachment found between adjacent cardiac muscles.

A

Intercalated discs

79
Q

Nerve ending receptor for light touch

A

Meissner’s Corpuscle

80
Q

Region along the axons that lack myelin for salutatory conduction.

A

Node of Ranvier

81
Q

Triad in the sarcomere is composed of, except:
A. 2 terminal cisternae of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
B. 1 Central T tubule
C. 1 Tropomyosin
D. All of the above

A

C. 1 Tropomyosin

82
Q

Function of epithelium

A

Protection, Secretion, and Sensory

83
Q

Epithelium where the topmost layer is flattened with multiple of polyhedral cells

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

84
Q

Example of Stratified Squamous Epithelium

85
Q

Glands without ducts

A

Endocrine glands

86
Q

Mechanism of secretion where the release of contents is by exocytosis

87
Q

Regulates the release of calcium for the contraction of muscle

88
Q

Inhibition of materials that later may be assimilated by the cell in metabolism or otherwise utilized.

A

Absorption

89
Q

Chromosomes condensed and become rod-like, centrioles are forming asters, and nucleus and nuclear envelope disappear.

90
Q

Statement I: Macrophages are neither fixed nor transient cell found in the connective tissues.
Statement II: Fibroblasts and adipose cells are a type of cells that do not move in connective tissues.

A

Statement I is FALSE and Statement II is TRUE.

91
Q

TRUE OR FALSE. Dermis of the skin is an example of dense irregular connective tissue.

92
Q

Organelles that processes of non-cytosolic proteins synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum and is found near the nucleus.

A

Golgi apparatus

93
Q

Hemoglobin carrying oxygen molecule

A

Oxyhemoglobin

94
Q

A type of lymphocyte that matures in the cortex of the thymus

95
Q

Red blood cell maturation stage in which there is a dark, small, dense, spherical nucleus with blue-grey cytoplasm.

A

Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts

96
Q

Type of collagen that is abundant in placenta and also associated with type I collagen.

97
Q

It is a component of protoplasm where it contributes as a main structural element of the cell and intercellular materials. Examples under this component enzymes and hormones.

98
Q

What is a striated, voluntary type of muscle?

99
Q

Surrounds muscle bundle of fascicles.

A

Perimysium

100
Q

Functions to increase I inflammatory and immune response. It is the largest of the circulating blood cells

A

Megakaryocytes

Histology (37 decks)

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