Lymphatic System Part II Flashcards
Molecule that is recognized by cells of adaptive immune system
ANTIGENS
elicits a response from these cells
ANTIGENS
Soluble molecules (proteins or polysaccharides)
ANTIGENS
Proteins from the intact cell (bacteria, protozoa, or tumor cells)
ANTIGENS
small molecular domains of the antigen
ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS / EPIPTODES
IMMUNE RESPONSE TO ANTIGENS:
a. Cellular
b. Humoral
c. both
IMMUNE RESPONSE TO ANTIGENS:
in which lymphocytes are primarily in charge of eliminating the antigen.
Cellular
IMMUNE RESPONSE TO ANTIGENS:
in which antibodies are primarily responsible for the response
Humoral
a glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin family
ANTIBODIES
interacts specifically with an antigenic determinant
ANTIBODIES
isolated carboxyl-terminal portion of the heavy-chain molecules
FC REGION
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
I. IgG ANTIBODY
II. IgA ANTIBODY
III. IgM ANTIBODY
IV. IgE ANTIBODY
V. IgD ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Most abundant 75-85% in blood
IgG ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Increased during infections
IgG ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Highly soluble and stable (half-life> 3 weeks)
IgG ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Crosses placental barrier into the fetal circulation
IgG ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
PASSIVE immunity against certain infections until the newborn’s own adaptive immunity is acquired
IgG ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Present in almost all exocrine secretions
IgA ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Dimeric form
IgA ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Heavy chains of two monomer are united by polypeptide J chain.
IgA ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Produced by plasma cells in mucosae of the digestive, respiratory, and reproductive tracts
IgA ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Secretory component – protects the antibody from proteolysis
IgA ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
5-10%
IgM ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Pentameric form united by J chain
IgM ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Produced in an initial response to an antigen
IgM ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Most effective antibody class in activating complement system
IgM ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
less abundant in circulation
IgE ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Found on the surface of the mast cells and basophils
IgE ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Found on the surface of the mast cells and basophils
IgE ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Triggers the release of histamine, heparin, and leukotrienes
IgE ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
Allergic reaction (allergens)
Allergic reaction (allergens)
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
least abundant in plasma
IgD ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
least understood class of antibody
IgD ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
bound to the surface of B lymphocytes
IgD ANTIBODY
CLASSES OF ANTIBODIES:
act as antigen receptors in triggering B-cell activation.
IgD ANTIBODY
Antigen-binding sites of IgG and IgA antibodies are able to:
bind specifically
neutralize certain viral particles and bacterial toxins
agglutinate many bacterial cells
precipitate most soluble antigens
precipitate most soluble antigens
Complement protein
Will be activated through a cascade of enzymatic reactions
COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION
specific complement components bind and rupture membranes of invading cell
After Complement Activation
Clump antigen-bearing bacteria or cells
After complement activation
Elicit arrival of relevant leukocytes
After complement activation
Refers to the ability of receptors on macrophages, neutrophils, and eosinophils to recognize and bind the Fc portions of antibodies attached to surface antigens of microorganisms
OPSONIZATION
Antibodies bound to antigens on virus-infected cells of the body are recognized by the primitive lymphocytes called ___
NK cells
NK cells activation is Activated to kill the infected cell by releasing
perforin and various granzymes
CELLS OF ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY
ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS
LYMPHOCYTES
T LYMPHOCYTES
B LYMPHOCYTES
Active endocytotic systems
ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS
Mediate the cellular immune response by processing and present the antigens for recognition by certain lymphocytes
ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS
ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS:
ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS