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Histology > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Contents of the Digestive System:

A
  1. Oral Region
  2. Alimentary Canal
  3. Extrinsic Glands
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2
Q

Basic Histological Layers:

A
  1. Mucosa
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscularis Externa
  4. Serosa/Adventitia
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3
Q

Mucosa:

A

a. Epithelium
b. Lamina Propria
c. Muscularis Mucosa

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4
Q

Submucosa:

A

a. Submucosal Plexus
b. “Plexus of Meissner”

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5
Q

Muscularis Externa:

A

a. Myenteric Plexus
b. “Plexus of Auerbach”

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6
Q

Lining epithelium of mucosa is made of _________

A

simple squamous columnar epithelium.

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7
Q

It sits on a basement membrane

A

Mucosa

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8
Q

Mucosa:

Its______ is made of loose connective tissue full of macrophages and lymphocytes.

A

Lamina Propria

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9
Q

Mucosa:
______ separate mucosa from submucosa contraction of which leads to increase contact of epithelium with food.

A

Muscularis mucosae

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10
Q

A layer of dense connective tissue

A

Submucosa

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11
Q

Rich in blood vessels

A

Submucosa

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12
Q

controls glandular secretions, alters electrolyte and water transport.

A

Plexus of Meissner

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13
Q

Sometimes, it may contain mucus glands.

A

Submucosa

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14
Q

Two layers of smooth muscle fibers (inner circular and outer longitudinal)

A

Muscularis Externa

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15
Q

What is distributed between the two muscle layers - regulates the peristaltic waves that move the food from esophagus to anal opening in the Muscularis Externa

A

Myenteric (Auerbach) nerve plexuses

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16
Q

With the submucosal nerve plexuses, they help propel and mixing the food.

A

Muscularis Externa

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17
Q

A layer of loose connective tissue covered by a layer of simple squamous epithelium called mesothelium

A

Serosa/Adventitia

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18
Q

It contains the lymphatic and blood vessels of the GI tract and fat tissue.

A

Serosa/Adventitia

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19
Q

Function of the Digestive System

A
  1. Movement of food
  2. Secretion of Digestive Juices
  3. Absorption of digested foods, water, and electrolytes.
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20
Q

Its function is simple passage from one part to another.

A

Esophagus

21
Q

Its function is storage of food or feces

A

Stomach or Distal Colon

22
Q

Its function is digestion

A

Stomach, Small Intestine

23
Q

Its function is absorption of end products

A

Small intestine, Proximal Colon

24
Q

Oral Region:

A
  1. Lips
  2. Palate
  3. Teeth and associated structures
  4. Tongue
  5. Major Salivary Glands
  6. Lingual Tonsil
25
Q

Three Types of Oral Mucosae:

A
  1. LINING MUCOSA
  2. MASTICATORY MUCOSA
  3. SPECIALIZED MUCOSA
26
Q

What type of epithelium is the Lining Mucosa?

A

Stratified Squamous Nonkeratinized Epithelium

27
Q

Where is the Lining Mucosa located?

A

Remainder of the Oral Cavity

28
Q

What type of epithelium is the Masticatory Mucosa?

A

Stratified Squamous Keratinized Epithelium

29
Q

Where is the Masticatory Mucosa located?

A

Hard Palate, Gingivae, Dorsal Surface of the Tongue

30
Q

What type of epithelium is the Specialized Mucosa?

A

Stratified Squamous Nonkeratinized with Taste Buds

31
Q

Where is the Specialized Mucosa located?

A

Soft Palate, Dorsum of the Tongue, Pharynx

32
Q

3 regions of the Lips:

A
  1. EXTERNAL (SKIN) REGION
  2. VERMILLION ZONE
  3. INTERNAL REGION
33
Q

3 regions of the Lips:

Lined by stratified squamous keratinized

A

EXTERNAL (SKIN) REGION
VERMILLION ZONE

34
Q

3 regions of the Lips:

Lined by stratified squamous nonkeratinized

A

INTERNAL REGION

35
Q

3 regions of the Lips:

With hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands

A

EXTERNAL (SKIN) REGION

36
Q

3 regions of the Lips:

Occasional sebaceous glands (Fordyce’s Granules)

A

VERMILLION ZONE

37
Q

3 regions of the Lips:

Minor salivary glands, and occasional sebaceous glands (Fordyce’s granules)

A

INTERNAL REGION

38
Q

Separates the nasal from the oral cavity

A

PALATE

39
Q

2 types of Plate:

A
  1. HARD PALATE (BONY SHELF)
  2. SOFT PALATE (SKELETAL MUSCLE)
40
Q

Oral aspect is lined by stratified squamous parakeratinized to keratinized epithelium

A

HARD PALATE (BONY SHELF)

41
Q

Oral aspect is lined by stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium

A

SOFT PALATE (SKELETAL MUSCLE)

42
Q

Contains adipose tissue and minor mucous salivary glands.

A

HARD PALATE (BONY SHELF)

43
Q

Contains minor mucous salivary glands.

A

SOFT PALATE (SKELETAL MUSCLE)

44
Q

Teeth is composed of:

A
  1. Internal Soft Tissue
  2. Pulp
  3. 3 Calcified Layer:
    a. Enamel
    b. Cementum
    c. Dentin
45
Q

Covers the crown

A

ENAMEL

46
Q

96% Calcium hydroxyapatite

A

ENAMEL

47
Q

4% enamelin (ameloblasts)

A

ENAMEL

48
Q

Acellular

A

ENAMEL

Histology (37 decks)

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