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Histology > The Cell (PPT based) Part III > Flashcards

The Cell (PPT based) Part III Flashcards

1
Q

pair of cylindrical rods (0.2 µm wide and 0.5 µm long) oriented at right angles to one another

A

CENTRIOLES

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2
Q

located in the centrosome (cell center)

A

CENTRIOLES

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3
Q

direct the formation of spindle fiber during cell division forms the bases of cilia and flagella (mother centriole)

A

CENTRIOLES

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4
Q

lifeless accumulations of material

A

INCLUSIONS

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5
Q

not metabolically active

A

INCLUSIONS

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6
Q

glycogen, lipid droplets, lipofuscin

A

INCLUSIONS

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7
Q

microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtrabecular lattice

A

CYTOSKELETON

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8
Q

structural framework within the cytosol

A

CYTOSKELETON

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9
Q

functions in:
maintaining cell shape by providing cellular support

A

CYTOSKELETON

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10
Q

functions in:
stabilizing cell attachments

A

CYTOSKELETON

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11
Q

functions in:
facilitating endocytosis and exocytosis

A

CYTOSKELETON

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12
Q

functions in:
facilitating endocytosis and exocytosis

A

CYTOSKELETON

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13
Q

functions in:
promoting cell motility

A

CYTOSKELETON

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14
Q

Nucleus includes:

A

Nuclear envelope
Nucleoplasm
Nucleolus
Chromatin

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15
Q

control various activities of the cell essential for reproduction and heredity transmission

A

NUCLEUS

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16
Q

contains genetic apparatus encoded in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of chromosomes

A

NUCLEUS

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17
Q

directs protein synthesis in the cytoplasm via:
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
messenger RNA (mRNA)
transfer RNA (tRNA)

A

NUCLEUS

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18
Q

surrounds the nuclear material

A

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

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19
Q

consists of two parallel membranes separated from each other by a narrow perinuclear cisterna

A

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

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20
Q

perforated at intervals by openings called nuclear pores

A

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

21
Q

well-defined nuclear inclusion (sometimes > one)

A

NUCLEOLUS

22
Q

eccentrically placed within the nucleus

A

NUCLEOLUS

23
Q

not membrane-bound

A

NUCLEOLUS

24
Q

present in cells actively synthesizing protein

A

NUCLEOLUS

25
Q

generally detectable only when cell is in interphase

A

NUCLEOLUS

26
Q

involve in synthesis of rRNA and its assembly into precursors of ribosomes

A

NUCLEOLUS

27
Q

portion of the protoplasm that is surrounded by the nuclear envelope

A

NUCLEOPLASM

28
Q

consists of a matrix and various types of particles

A

NUCLEOPLASM

29
Q

double-stranded DNA complexed with histones and acidic proteins

A

CHROMATIN

30
Q

responsible for RNA synthesis

A

CHROMATIN

31
Q

What are the 2 forms of chromatin?

A

heterochromatin and euchromatin

32
Q

heterochromatin and euchromatin:
light microscope: basophilic clumps of nucleoprotein
electron microscope: dense granular clumps

A

HETEROCHROMATIN

33
Q

concentrated at periphery of nucleus, around the nucleolus and scattered throughout the nucleoplasm

A

HETEROCHROMATIN

34
Q

heterochromatin and euchromatin:
transcriptionally inactive

A

HETEROCHROMATIN

35
Q

heterochromatin and euchromatin:
light microscope: lightly stained dispersed region of the nucleus
electron microscope: electron-lucent regions among heterochromatin

A

EUCHROMATIN

36
Q

heterochromatin and euchromatin:
transcriptionally active

A

EUCHROMATIN

37
Q

What are the 2 major periods of cell cycle?

A
  1. Interphase – interval
  2. Mitosis (M phase) – period of cell division
38
Q

longer than M phase

A

Interphase

39
Q

cell doubles in size and DNA content

A

Interphase

40
Q

What are the 3 separate phases of Interphase?

A

G1, S and G2

41
Q

the gap phase just after mitosis

A

G1 phase

42
Q

when certain “trigger proteins” are synthesized enabling the cell to reach a threshold (restriction point) and proceed to the S phase

A

G1 phase

43
Q

lasts from a few hours to several days

A

G1 phase

44
Q

cell growth and protein synthesis occur, restoring daughter cells to normal volume and size

A

G1 phase

45
Q

also known as synthetic phase

A

S phase

46
Q

DNA replication and protein synthesis occur

A

S phase

47
Q

resulting in duplication of the chromosomes

A

S phase

48
Q

period when centrioles are self-duplicated

A

S phase

49
Q

lasts 8-12 hours in most cells

A

S phase

Histology (37 decks)

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