Blood and Hemopoiesis Flashcards
process of blood cell formation
Hemopoiesis
light to dark red, viscous
BLOOD
What is the pH level of blood
7.35-7.45 pH
slightly alkaline
What is the total body weight of blood?
7%
Composed of formed elements suspended in a fluid component which is the plasma
BLOOD
____ of blood in an average adult
5L
yellowish fluid in which cells, platelets, organic compounds and electrolytes are suspended and/or dissolved
Plasma
Plasma:
water ____
proteins ___
inorg. Salts, ions, gases, nutrients ____
90%
9%
1%
straw-colored, blood coagulates leaving the components suspended into the clot
Serum
Types of HEMOPOIESIS
Prenatal hemopoiesis
Postnatal hemopoiesis
FORMED ELEMENTS of hemopoiesis
RED BLOOD CELLS
WHITE BLOOD CELLS
PLATELETS
Prenatal Hemopoiesis:
blood cell formation begins in the mesoderm of the yolk sac
2 weeks after conception (mesoblastic phase)
Mesenchymal cells aggregate to form blood islands
Prenatal Hemopoiesis
Peripheral cells become vessel walls and the rest become erythroblast, become nucleated erythrocytes
Prenatal Hemopoiesis
Prenatal Hemopoiesis:
erythrocytes still have nuclei, and leukocytes appear by the 8th week
6th week of gestation (hepatic phase)
Prenatal Hemopoiesis:
continues until the end of gestation
2nd trimester (splenic phase)
Prenatal Hemopoiesis:
beginning of hemopoiesis in the Bone marrow
End of 2nd trimester (myeloid phase):
Occurs almost exclusively in the bone marrow
Postnatal hemopoiesis
Entire process is regulated by various growth factors and cytokines that act at different steps to control the type of cells formed and their rate of formation
Postnatal hemopoiesis
Where all blood cells arise
Pluripotential Hematopoietic Stem Cells (PHSCs)
Give rise to more PHSCs as well as 2 types of Multipotential Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Pluripotential Hematopoietic Stem Cells (PHSCs)