Unit 6 - Pneumonia

Question 1

Pneumonia ->

Answer 1

inflammation of lung parenchyma

Question 2

3 ways organisms enter lungs

Answer 2

• aspiration
• inhaled
• through bloodstream from infection in body

Question 3

4 patterns pneumonia develops

Answer 3

1. lobar pneumonia
2. bronchopneumonia
3. interstitial pneumonia
   - miliary pneumoni4.

Question 4

Pathological process varies according to infective organism:

Bacterial pathogens

Answer 4

unilateral lobar pneumonia

Question 5

Pathological process varies according to infective organism:

Viruses

Answer 5

scattered, patchy, bronchopneumonia

Question 6

Pathological process varies according to infective organism:

Aspiration

Answer 6

• chemical injury leading to inflammatory response

- open to bacterial invasion

Question 7

Bronchopneumonia -> _____ onset

Answer 7

insidious

Question 8

_____ disease occurs sporadically and in outbreaks, such as the one that occurred at an American Legion convention in 1976, when the disease was first recognized. Contaminated water-cooled air-conditioning systems and other water sources have been implicated in its spread. Smokers, older adults, and people with chronic diseases or impaired immune defenses are most susceptible to this disease

Answer 8

Legionnaires

Question 9

Acute bacterial pneumonia

Answer 9

pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia

Question 10

Describe pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia

Answer 10

bacteria reside in upper respiratory tract

Question 11

Legionnaire disease

Answer 11

bronchopneumonia

Question 12

Primary atypical pneumonia

Answer 12

mycoplasma pneumoniae (“walking pneumonia”)

Question 13

Common organisms of viral pneumonia

Answer 13

• influenza

- adenovirus

Question 14

Onset of Pneumococcal or lobar pneumonia

Answer 14

abrupt

Question 15

Onset of bronchopneumonia

Answer 15

gradual

Question 16

Onset of Legionnaire disease

Answer 16

gradual

Question 17

Onset of Primary atypical pneumonia

Answer 17

gradual

Question 18

Onset of Viral pneumonia

Answer 18

sudden or gradual

Question 19

onset of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

Answer 19

abrupt

Question 20

Respiratory manifestations of Pneumococcal or lobar pneumonia

Answer 20

cough productive of purulent or rust-colored sputum; pleuritic or aching chest pain; decreased breath sounds and crackles over affected area; possible dyspnea and cyanosis

Question 21

Respiratory manifestations of bronchopneumonia

Answer 21

Cough, scattered crackles; minimal dyspnea and respiratory distress; low-grade fever

Question 22

Respiratory manifestations of Legionnaire disease

Answer 22

dry cough; dyspnea

Question 23

Respiratory manifestations of Primary atypical pneumonia

Answer 23

dry, hacking, nonproductive cough

Question 24

Respiratory manifestations of viral pneumonia

Answer 24

dry cough

Question 25

Respiratory manifestations of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

Answer 25

dry cough, tachypnea and SOB; significant respiratory distress

Question 26

Systemic manifestations of Pneumococcal or lobar pneumonia

Answer 26

chills and fever

Question 27

Systemic manifestations of bronchopneumonia

Answer 27

fever, tachypnea, altered mental status

Question 28

Systemic manifestations of Legionnaire disease

Answer 28

chills and fever, general malaise; headache; confusion; diminished appetite and diarrhea; myalgias and arthralgias

Question 29

Systemic manifestations of Primary atypical pneumonia

Answer 29

fever, headache, myalgias, and arthralgias predominate

Question 30

Systemic manifestations of viral pneumonia

Answer 30

flulike symptoms

Question 31

Systemic manifestations of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

Answer 31

fever

Question 32

Research indicates a high rate of pneumonia in clients with frequent exposure to...

Answer 32

cigarette smoke and alcohol use

Question 33

Should you give the flu vaccine to someone allergic to eggs

Answer 33

No!

Question 34

Pneumococcal revaccination is only recommended in person with _____ failure, to who have had _____, those with malignancies, and those with _____/_____.

Answer 34

renal failure splenectomies HIV/AIDS

Question 35

local effects of infection of lower respiratory tract:

Answer 35

- cough, excessive mucus production - dyspnea - hemoptysis, chest pain

Question 36

systemic effects of infection of lower respiratory tract

Answer 36

- fever, diminished appetite - cyanosis - manifestations of impaired gas exchange

Question 37

Older adults: - # of cilia _____ - gag and cough reflexes _____ - _____ risk for dehydration - immune function _____

Answer 37

- # of cilia decreases - gag and cough reflexes diminish - greater risk for dehydration - immune function declines

Question 38

Chest percussion can help _____ secretions. Providing education for smoking cessation and administering the pneumococcal vaccine are important in treating a client with pneumonia; however, they would be aligned with a different nursing diagnosis. Patients with pneumonia are encouraged to _____ fluid intake.

Answer 38

clear | increase

Question 39

A baseline electrocardiogram is appropriate for _____ medication

Answer 39

antimalarial

Question 40

_____ is an expected consequence of the infectious disease process. Fever can produce mild, short-term effects and, when prolonged, can cause life-threatening effects. The nurse should administer antipyretic medication as indicated for elevated temperatures and enforce frequent rest periods because rest _____ energy reserve that is depleted by _____ metabolism, heart, and respiratory rates. The nurse should use ice packs, cool-tepid baths, or a hypothermia blanket with caution and only as needed. the nurse should encourage fluid intake rather than restrict fluids because of the risk of _____ _____.

Answer 40

Hyperthermia increases increased electrolyte imbalance