Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nursing 2300 (VIcky Hansen) > Unit 3 - Fluid & Electrolytes Part 1 > Flashcards

Unit 3 - Fluid & Electrolytes Part 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Nursing Pharmacology flashcards NCLEX-RN® flashcards Nursing Mental Health flashcards Nursing Fundamentals flashcards Nursing Safety & Infection flashcards Nursing Adult Health flashcards NCLEX-PN® flashcards Nursing Management of Care flashcards Nursing Pediatrics flashcards Nursing Maternity flashcards
1
Q

What are electrolytes

A

charged ions capable of conducting electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T/F: an imbalance of electrolytes can cause problems

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

_____ of a healthy adult’s weight is water

A

60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

_____ is necessary for normal cellular function

A

water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 parts to intracellular fluid

A
  • solutes
  • cation
  • anion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

3 parts to extracellular fluid

A
  • interstitial fluid
  • intravascular fluid
  • transcellular and lymph fluid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ratio between intracellular and extracellular fluid

A

intracellular: 2/3
extracellular: 1/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where can you find interstitial fluid

A

all the fluid surrounding the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where can you find intravascular fluid

A

in blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how are electrolytes measured

A

in milliquivalents per liter (mEq/L)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

salts break into electrically charged ions in _____

A

water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is intracellular fluid found

A

within cells of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

_____ _____ is vital to normal cell functioning

A

intracellular fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What solutes does intracellular fluid contain?

A
  • oxygen
  • electrolytes
  • glucose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is extracellular fluid found?

A

outside the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2 main compartments of extracellular fluid:

A
  1. intravascular

2. interstitial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Third compartment of extracellular fluid

A

lymph and transcellular fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Principal electrolytes found in extracellular fluid

A
  • sodium
  • calcium
  • bicarbonate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

4 ways of transport/movement of body fluids across cell and capillary membranes:

A
  • osmosis
  • diffusion
  • filtration/hydrostatic pressure
  • active transport
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What kind of transport is the sodium-potassium pump

A

active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What kind of transport maintains higher sodium levels in ECF, high potassium concentrations in ICF

A

Active Transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Definition: movement of water across cell membranes from less concentrated solution to more concentrated solution

A

Osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Definition: concentration of solutes

A

osmolality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Greatest determinants of osmolality in ECF:

A

sodium, glucose, urea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Greatest determinants of osmolality in ICF:

A

potassium, glucose, urea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

When Hydrostatic pressure is high:

A

ECF volume excess occurs; the increased fluid volume in the vascular compartment congests the veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

_____ _____ pulls fluid into the capillaries, usually in response to the presence of albumin and other plasma proteins made by the liver.

A

Osmotic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Definition: power of solution to draw water across membrane

A

Osmotic Pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Definition: plasma proteins pull water from interstitial space into vascular compartment

A

Colloid Osmotic Pressure (oncotic pressure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Definition: osmolality of solution

A

tonicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

3 types of tonicity

A
  • isotonic
  • hypertonic
  • hypotonic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Definition: same osmolality as body fluids

A

isotonic solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Definition: higher osmolality than body fluids

A

hypertonic solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Definition: lower osmolality than body fluids

A

hypotonic solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Definition: movement of fluid and solutes together across a membrane from one compartment to another

A

Filtration/hydrostatic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Definition: pressure a fluid exerts on walls in closed system

A

hydrostatic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Filtration = from area of _____ pressure to _____ pressure

A

higher, lower

38
Q

average amount fluid intake through drinking

A

1200-1500

39
Q

average amount fluid intake through water in food

A

1000

40
Q

average amount fluid intake through water of oxidation

A

200

41
Q

Total average fluid intake at moderate activity and temp.

A

2400-2700/2500

42
Q

average fluid output through urine

A

1400-1500

43
Q

average fluid output through stool

A

100-200

44
Q

average fluid output through skin

A

250-450 (insensible loss)

45
Q

average fluid output through sweat

A

100

46
Q

average fluid output through lungs

A

350-400 (insensible loss)

47
Q

average fluid output at moderate activity and temp.

A

2300-2600

48
Q

urine output should be equal to…

A

.5mL/kg/hr

49
Q

Thirst is regulated in the _____

A

hypothalamus

50
Q

Normal serum levels of Sodium

A

135-145 mEq/L

51
Q

What is the most abundant cation in ECF

A

Sodium

52
Q

Sodium controls and regulates _____ _____ in the body.

A

water balance

53
Q

Normal serum level for Potassium

A

3.5-5.3 mEq/L

54
Q

major cation in ICF

A

Potassium

*only a small amount found in plasma and interstitial fluid.

55
Q

Which 2 electrolytes contributes to serum osmolality

A

sodium, chloride

56
Q

Which electrolyte regulates ECF volume and distribution

A

sodium

57
Q

Which electrolyte maintains ICF osmolality

A

potassium

58
Q

Which electrolyte transmits nerve and other electrical impulses

A

potassium

59
Q

Which 4 electrolytes regulate acid-base balance

A

potassium, chloride, phosphate, & Bicarbonate

60
Q

T/F: potassium must be ingested daily

A

T

61
Q

Which electrolyte is vital for skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle function/activity

A

potassium

62
Q

Normal serum level for calcium

A

9-11 mg/dl

63
Q

Where is the most calcium found

A

skeletal system

64
Q

Which electrolyte is vital in regulating muscle contraction and relaxation

A

calcium

65
Q

Normal serum levels for Magnesium

A

1.5-2.5 mEq/L

66
Q

Where is magnesium found

A

skeletal system, ICF

67
Q

Second most abundant ICF cation

A

magnesium

68
Q

Which electrolyte is responsible for intracellular metabolism

A

magnesium

69
Q

Which electrolyte is responsible for protein, DNA synthesis

A

magnesium

70
Q

Which electrolyte operates sodium-potassium pump

A

magnesium

71
Q

Which electrolyte regulates cardiac, neuromuscular function

A

magnesium

72
Q

Which electrolyte relaxes muscle contractions

A

magnesium

73
Q

Which electrolyte is used in the body to synthesize ingested protein

A

magnesium

74
Q

_____ can occur from immobility. Ambulation of the client helps to prevent leaching of _____ from the bones into the serum.

A

Hypercalcemia, calcium

75
Q

Normal serum level for Chloride

A

95-105 mEq/L

76
Q

major anion of ECF

A

Chloride

77
Q

Which electrolyte regulate ECF balance

A

Chloride

78
Q

Which electrolyte is a major component of stomach fluids

A

chloride

79
Q

Which electrolyte is a buffer in oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange

A

Chloride

80
Q

Normal serum level for Phosphate

A

2.4-4.5 mg/dL in adults

81
Q

Are normal phosphate levels higher or lower in children compared to adults

A

much higher

82
Q

major anion of ICF

A

phosphate

83
Q

Which electrolyte forms bones and teeth

A

Phosphate

84
Q

Which electrolyte is responsible for metabolism of protein, fat, and carbohydrates

A

phosphate

85
Q

Which electrolyte is responsible for cellular metabolism

A

phosphate

86
Q

Which electrolyte is responsible for muscle, nerve, RBC function

A

phosphate

87
Q

Which electrolyte regulates calcium levels

A

phosphate

88
Q

Infants lose more fluid through _____

A

kidneys, because their kidneys are immature

89
Q

T/F: immature kidneys are less able to conserve water

A

T

90
Q

The pediatric client with the greatest risk for dehydration is the client who is under ____ years of age

A

2

91
Q

T/F: More rapid respirations increases insensible fluid loss, putting the pediatric client at an even greater risk of dehydration and if elevated even more for other reasons, will put them even at a greater risk

A

T

Nursing 2300 (VIcky Hansen) (64 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions