Understanding food labels and the supplement industry

Question 1

many are not educated in making healthy dietary choices. the prevalence of ___ and _____ reflect this

Answer 1

obesity, related disease

Question 2

nutritional facts label

Answer 2

required on most packaged food, was updated in 2016 to reflect current scientific information including the risk between diet and diseases

Question 3

daily values

Answer 3

nutrition label guide to the relative amount of nutrients in a serving of food based on a 2000-kcal diet for healthy adult

Question 4

understanding the difference between serving size and portion is relevant when

Answer 4

attempting to eat healthy

Question 5

food descriptors:
free

Answer 5

fat-free or sugar-free, means the product contains no amount of, or trivial quantities of, the referred components

Question 6

food descriptors:
low

Answer 6

if the foods can be consumed regularly without causing excessive intakes of its referred component

Question 7

food descriptors:
low-calorie

Answer 7

less than 40kcal per serving

Question 8

food descriptors:
low fat

Answer 8

less than 3g per serving

Question 9

food descriptors:
low cholesterol

Answer 9

less than 20mg per serving

Question 10

food descriptors:
low sodium

Answer 10

less than 140mg per serving

Question 11

food descriptors:
light

Answer 11

1. 1/3 fewer calories or half fat
2. sodium content of low calorie, low fat food has been reduced by 50%
3. color, texture, other property as long as it explains intent

Question 12

food descriptors:
reduced

Answer 12

at least 25% less of the component than referenced product

Question 13

food descriptors:
lean

Answer 13

less than 10g of fat, 4.5 or less saturated fat, less than 95mg of cholesterol per serving and per 100g

Question 14

food descriptors:
extra lean

Answer 14

less than 5g of fat, less than 2g of saturated fat, less than 95mg of cholesterol per serving

Question 15

food descriptors:
good source

Answer 15

10-19% of the DV

Question 16

food descriptors:
high in

Answer 16

20% or more of DV

Question 17

food descriptors:
extra

Answer 17

at least 10% more than DV

Question 18

food descriptors:
very low sodium

Answer 18

35mg or less

Question 19

food descriptors:
sodium free

Answer 19

less than 5mg

Question 20

food descriptors:
high fiber

Answer 20

5g or more per serving

Question 21

to enhance performance, many athletes and exercise enthusiasts use

Answer 21

supplements

Question 22

supplement

Answer 22

product intended to fulfill or complement the diet and potentially improve health or performance
meant to thwart the risk for a deficiency

Question 23

most common supplement in the US

Answer 23

multi-vitamin-mineral pills

Question 24

ergogenic acid

Answer 24

product purported to offer a mental or physical edge in performance
performance enhancer

Question 25

popular supplement/ergogenic aid categories

Answer 25

muscle strength/gain, weight loss, anti-aging, improved energy, improved endurance, pro-hormones, sports performance, multi-vitamins, herbs

Question 26

the supplement industry is a “buyer beware” market as it

Answer 26

is not strictly regulated by the FDA

Question 27

under the DSHEA, supplement manufacturers became responsible for

Answer 27

ensuring a supplement is safe before marketed

Question 28

the FDA acts on questions of dietary supplement safety ____ it reaches the market, usually in response to

Answer 28

after, adverse effect

Question 29

to help improve protection, it is recommended to stick with _____ manufactures

Answer 29

NS-certified

Question 30

NS-certified supplements must undergo

Answer 30

banned substance screening
label claim review
contaminant review
facility audits

Question 31

banned substance screening

Answer 31

screens for over 180 compounds on the WADA, NFL and MLB prohibited substance lists

Question 32

label claim review

Answer 32

confirms the label matches the contents

Question 33

contaminant review

Answer 33

certifies formulation and checks for undeclared ingredients

Question 34

facility audits

Answer 34

manufacturing site audits and on-site inspections to check for banned substance

Question 35

all consumers should beware of advertising and marketing that uses

Answer 35

testimonials
independent research
free trials
celebrity endorsements
guarantees of quick results
“secret” ingredient
proprietary blends

Question 36

other suspicious marketing buzzwords

Answer 36

doctor recommended
physician-approved
amazing results

Question 37

companies often make labels appear pharmaceutical and may come as

Answer 37

free-trial giveaway, where you just pay shipping

Question 38

Which of the following is not required on a nutritional facts panel?
a. Total carbohydrates
b. Vitamin A
c. Calories from fat
d. Vitamin D

Answer 38

a

Question 39

Which of the following is correct concerning the food descriptor “reduced”?
a. The contents contain half the calories of a normal product
b. The contents contain at least 25% less of the referenced component
c. The contents are broken into serving sizes half of the reference size
d. All of the above could be correct

Answer 39

b

Question 40

Which of the following is a common ergogenic aid category?
a. Energy enhancers
b. Weight loss aids
c. Anti-aging compounds
d. All of the above

Answer 40

d

Question 41

NSF-certified supplements must undergo all of the following, except:
a. Banned substance screenings
b. Facility audits
c. Employee competency reviews
d. Contaminant reviews

Answer 41

c

Question 42

the most common supplements sold in the US are ____

Answer 42

multi-vitamin and mineral pills

Question 43

the food label descriptor of “goof source” indicates the product contains ___-___% of the daily values for the reference nutrient

Answer 43

10, 19

Question 44

True or False? Daily Values are nutrition label guides for the relative amount of nutrients in a serving of food based on a 3,500-kcal diet for a healthy adult.

Answer 44

false

Question 45

True or False? The supplement industry is considered a “buyer beware” market due to limited FDA regulation.

Answer 45

true

Question 46

provide a typical serving size for each of the following
a. grain products food group:
b. dairy food group:
c. meat and bean food group:

Answer 46

a. 1 slice of bread, ½ cup of pasta, ½ cup of cereal
b. 8 oz of milk, 1 oz of cheese, ½ cup of yogurt
c. 3 oz of meat, 1 egg, ½ cup of nuts, ½ cup of beans

Question 47

define each of the following terms
a. supplement
b. ergogenic aid

Answer 47

a. Supplement: product intended to fulfill or complement the diet and potentially improve health or performance; meant to thwart the risk for a deficiency
b. Ergogenic aid: product purported to offer a mental or physical edge while exercising; also referred to as performance enhancers

Question 48

identify at least three red-flag buzzwords or strategies used in advertising among companies trying to sell less than reputable supplements

Answer 48

a. testimonials
b. “independent research”
c. free trials
d. celebrity endorsements
e. guarantee of quick results
f. “secret” ingredients
g. proprietary blends
h. “doctor recommended”
i. “physician approved”
j. “amazing results”
k. “you just pay the shipping”

Question 49

grain product common serving size

Answer 49

1 slice bread
1/2 c pasta
1/2 cereal

Question 50

vegetable group common serving size

Answer 50

1/2c chopped
1c leafy

Question 51

fruit common serving size

Answer 51

1 med apple
3/4c fruit juice
1 med orange

Question 52

dairy common serving size

Answer 52

8oz milk
1oz cheese
1/2c yogurt

Question 53

meat and bean common serving size

Answer 53

3oz meat
1 egg
1/2 c nuts
1/2 c beans

Question 54

fats, oils, sweets common serving size

Answer 54

use springily
<10% sugar
<10% saturated fat