pre-exercise screening Flashcards
pre exercise screening is used to
reduce client risks and pave the way for personalized program development
primary risk examples
smoking, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, asthma, peripheral edema, chronic low back pain, orthopedic injury, sickle cell anemia, autoimmune disease
compounding risk examples
high-fat/sugar diet, unmanaged stress, excessive alcohol intake, poor sleeping, low fiber, musculoskeletal imbalance
primary purpose of pre-exercise screening
identity factors that may increase the risk for injury or negative outcomes from exercise
failure to screen individuals places a
significant legal liability on the fitness professional and their place of employment
benefits of client screening (5)
- educate the client on health risks
- identify current health status compared to recommended
- provide data to create needs analysis
- establish starting points and predictions
- identify interests, aptitudes or limitations
proper screening protocols
help establish short and long term goals
identify factors which impact program adherence
should not be an obstacle to exercise participation
a balance is needed between ____, ____ and ____ in proper screening
safety, liability, practicality
liability
the state of being responsible for something by law
for the purpose of health and fitness, exercise screening should be
practical and give useful info
cable across multiple population segments
effective at identifying those at risk for untoward events
examples of documents used during pre-exercise screening
informed consent, PAR-Q+, health status questionnaire, behavior questionnaire, physical/medical release form
informed consent
necessary baseline contract between the client and trainer
first line of defense to waiver liability
informed consent
informed consent does not protect against
professional negligence
professional negligence
failure to comply with standard protocols or use reasonable care, potentially resulting in damage or injury to another person
components of informed consent
background and purpose
assumed risk of participation
reasonable expected benefits
reasonable explanation of procedures
normal physiological expectation
opportunity for inquiry
right of refusal
right of confidentiality
PAR-Q+: + represents
significant updates/improvements over the old form
PAR-Q+ primary objective
identify individuals at risk for cardiovascular or metabolic event
PAR-Q+ uses 7 baseline questions that
reveal red flags for related risk
PAR-Q+: if the client answers yes to any of the 7 questions
a number of follow up questions are used to see if they need to obtain medical/physician clearance before exercise
ePARmed-X+
builds upon PAR-Q+ with additional questions to direct physical activity recommendations and referral
fulfills the role of health risk appraisal or medical referral forms
ePARmed-X+
HSQ
obtaining detailed background information on the client
HSQ should be implemented via
interview while asking probing questions to develop trust and rapport
HSQ is divided into sections
general client info
current medical info
self-reported health status
self-reported physical fitness
psychological considerations
HSQ helps reveal
areas for improvement, risk factors
HSQ can be very useful for ____ populations as they tend to possess greater risks
older
HSQ data is categorized with
action codes
example of HSQ action does
risk factor (RF), special emergency procedure needed (SEP), medical clearance needed (MC)
key risk areas
family history of cardiovascular and metabolic disease
smoking history
sedentary lifestyle
obesity
high BP
current meds
previous injury, surgery
undesirable blood lipid profiles
impaired glucose tolerance
behavior questionnaire
follows the HSQ to help connect the dots between the client’s risk factors or health issues with the behaviors promoting them
behavior questionnaire is useful for
- identifying obstacles to program goals and needed health improvements
- identifying factors correlating to current health status
- providing an opportunity to educate the client concerning how their behaviors impact their health and well being
- identifying appropriate behavior management strategies
the behavior questionnaire is important as
unhealthy behaviors can make or break achievement to clients’ goals
one point fat mass= ____ kcal
3500
after implementing all screening documents, the trainer must
attempt to correlate findings and come up with a program plan
example: a client is hypertensive, their long term weight measurements indicate creeping obesity, and they consume excess salt = _____ and ____ is needed
dietary education, weight loss program
creeping obesity
an incremental increase in weight over time often due to sustained caloric intake combined with a decrease in physical activity
a review of screening data will allow for the creating of a
needs analysis
needs analysis serves as a
to do list for the client
needs/risks are ranked by
order of health significance
needs analysis
identification, organization and prioritization of physiological needs applicable to improving ones health and fitness
Which of the following is the primary purpose of exercise screening?
a. The development of a needs analysis
b. Identifying a client’s specific interests and aptitudes
c. The identification of factors that increase the risk for injury
d. Comparing the client’s current health status compared to recommended ranges
c
Which of the following can contribute to reducing the risk of activity-related injuries?
a. Identifying risk factors associated with a client
b. Providing a structured acclimation period at the beginning of a program
c. Providing proper instruction and practice
d. All of the above
d
Which of the following serves as an initial contract and waiver of liability between the trainer and client?
a. PAR-Q+
b. Health Status Questionnaire
c. Informed Consent
d. Health Risk Appraisal
c
Which of the following uses seven baseline questions to identify individuals at risk for negative cardiovascular or metabolic events in response to exercise?
a. Behavior Questionnaire
b. Health Status Questionnaire
c. Needs analysis
d. PAR-Q+
d
Which of the following screening forms clarifies a client’s key areas of risk such as family history of disease, smoking history, current medication use, and previous injuries?
a. ePARmedX+
b. Health Status Questionnaire
c. Informed Consent
d. Medical Referral Form
b
_________________ occurs over a long period of time, usually due to a combination of sustained caloric intake and a decrease in physical activity.
a. Metabolic syndrome
b. Type 1 diabetes
c. Creeping obesity
d. Dyslipidemia
c
the ____ can be developed based on screening data to identify, organize and prioritize a clients physiological need to serve as a starting point for program development
needs analysis
the Health Status Questionnaire should be implemented via _____ format to best improve an understanding of the clients needs and develop their trust
interview
true or false: the health status questionnaire asks detailed questions to direct physical activity recommendations and potential medical referral
true
true or false: failure to put a new client through appropriate screening processes can place a significant legal liability on the fitness professional or their place of employment
true
identity at least 3 benefits or purposes of pre-exercise screening
a. Identify risk factors or risk for injury
b. reduce legal liability for the trainer c. provide data for a needs analysis and personalized program development
d. educate the client on their health risks and unhealthy behaviors
e. identify the client’s current health status compared to recommended ranges
f. establish starting points and predictions of performance
g. identify the client’s interests
h. aptitudes and limitations
i. develop trust
j. understanding and rapport with the client
identify at least two important components of a comprehensive informed consent
a. an explanation of the background and purpose of training
b. descriptions of assumed risks as well as benefits
c. normal physiological expectations , d. an opportunity to ask questions and refuse service
e. a statement describing the client’s right of confidentiality
identity the five primary sections of a Health Status Questionnaire
a. general client information
b. current medical information
c. self-reported health status
d. self-reported physical fitness
e. psychological considerations
identify at least two major uses of the Behavior Questionnaire
a. connect the dots between risk factors and unhealthy behaviors
b. identify program obstacles and factors impacting current health status
c. educate the client on how their behaviors are impacting their health , d. teach the client appropriate behavior management strategies
