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CPT > functional anatomy and resistance training techniques > Flashcards

functional anatomy and resistance training techniques Flashcards

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1
Q

standard reference for the body when describing locations, positions and movements

A

anatomical position

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2
Q

3 movement planes

A

sagittal, frontal, transverse

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3
Q

sagittal plane

A

left and right

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4
Q

sagittal plane movements and example

A

forward-backward
lunge

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5
Q

frontal plane

A

front and back

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6
Q

frontal plane movements and example

A

side to side
lateral raise

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7
Q

transverse plane

A

top and bottom

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8
Q

transverse plane movements and example

A

rotation
oblique twist

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9
Q

axis with frontal plane

A

frontal (anterior-posterior)

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10
Q

axis with sagittal plane

A

longitudinal

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11
Q

axis with transverse plane

A

transverse

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12
Q

midline

A

the median plane

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13
Q

anterior axillary line

A

down the forward crease of the armpit

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14
Q

midaxillary line

A

perpendicular down from the apex of armpit

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15
Q

anterior

A

before, front

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16
Q

posterior

A

behind, back

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17
Q

proximal

A

nearest to point of attachment/origin

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18
Q

distal

A

furthest from point of attachment/origin

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19
Q

superior

A

above

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20
Q

inferior

A

below

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21
Q

medial

A

towards midline/center

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22
Q

lateral

A

away from midline

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23
Q

ipsilateral

A

same side

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24
Q

contralateral

A

opposite side

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25
Q

superficial

A

shallow proximity to surface

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26
Q

deep

A

inward in relation to surface

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27
Q

radial deviation is towards

A

thumb

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28
Q

ulnar deviation is towards

A

pinky

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29
Q

prime mover

A

muscle required to perform majority of mechanical work to overcome the load

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30
Q

how many regions in the vertebral column

A

5

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31
Q

5 regions of the vertebral column

A

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum and coccyx

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32
Q

how many vertebrae in cervical

A

7

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33
Q

how many vertebrae in thoracic

A

12

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34
Q

how many vertebrae in lumbar

A

5

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35
Q

how many vertebrae in sacrum and coccyx

A

9 fused

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36
Q

neutral spine

A

state or proper postural position that includes 4 major curvatures

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37
Q

what promotes efficient movement

A

neutral spine

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38
Q

cervical and lumber regions have ___ curvature

A

lordotic

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39
Q

thoracic and sacral regions have ___ curvature

A

kyphotic

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40
Q

lordotic

A

concave, inward, curve

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41
Q

kyphotic

A

convex, outward, curve

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42
Q

lordosis

A

exaggerated lordotic (anterior) curve

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43
Q

kyphosis

A

exaggerated kyphotic curve

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44
Q

spinal joints are separated by

A

intervertebral discs

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45
Q

intervertebral discs ____ each segment

A

cushion

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46
Q

rectus abdominis movement and example

A

trunk flexion; curl up

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47
Q

external oblique movement and example

A

flex, rotate vertebral column; diagonal chop

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48
Q

internal oblique movement and example

A

flex, rotate vertebral column; cable torso twist

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49
Q

transverse abdominis movement and example

A

compress abdomen; draw in

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50
Q

erector spinae group movement and example

A

extend vertebral column; good morning

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51
Q

quadrates lumborum movement and example

A

abduct vertebral column; lateral flexion

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52
Q

a ___ pelvis should be maintained during most lifts

A

neutral

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53
Q

which exercise should you not have a neutral pelvis

A

abdominal crunches

54
Q

anterior pelvic tilt

A

forward rotational movement of the iliac crests at the top of the pelvis

55
Q

anterior pelvic tilt _____ lordotic curve

A

increase

56
Q

posterior pelvic tilt

A

backward rotational movement of iliac crests at the top of the pelvis

57
Q

posterior pelvic tilt ___ lordotic curve

A

reduces

58
Q

which joint provides the greatest degree of movement

A

ball and socket

59
Q

rotator cuff

A

various CT and 4 muscles

60
Q

4 muscles of rotator cuff

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

61
Q

deltoid movement and example

A

horizontally abduct, flex, extend, rotate humerus
side raise

62
Q

latissimus dorsi movement and example

A

adduct, medially rotate, extend humerus
pull up

63
Q

pectorals major movement and example

A

horizontally adduct, flex, extend, medially rotate humerus
bench press

64
Q

teres minor movement and example

A

adduct, extend, medially rotate humerus
single-arm row

65
Q

coracobrachialis movement and example

A

adduct, flex humerus
front raise

66
Q

infraspinatus movement and example

A

extend, external rotate humerus
external band rotation

67
Q

subscapularis movement and example

A

extend, internal rotate humerus
internal band rotation

68
Q

supraspinatus movement and example

A

abduct humerus
empty can raise

69
Q

teres minor movement and example

A

adduct, external rotate humerus
external band rotation

70
Q

shoulder girdle

A

articulations between sternum and clavicle, and clavicle and scapular

71
Q

2 joints in shoulder girdle

A

sternoclavicular
acrominoclavicular

72
Q

trapezius movement and example

A

elevate, depress, rotate, fixes scapula, extend cervical
shoulder shrug

73
Q

rhomboid major movement and example

A

retract, rotate, fixes scapula
seated row

74
Q

pectoralis minor movement and example

A

depress scapula
chest fly

75
Q

levator scapulae movement and example

A

elevate, retract scapula; laterally flex cervical spine
high row

76
Q

elbow joint type

A

hinge

77
Q

elbows work with ____ joints

A

radioulnar

78
Q

primary grips

A

pronated, supinated, neutral, alternating

79
Q

biceps brachii movement and example

A

flex, supinate forearm; flex, abduct arm
bicep curl

80
Q

triceps brachii movement and example

A

extend forearm; extend, abduct arm
tricep push down

81
Q

brachioradialis movement and example

A

flex forearm
hammer curl

82
Q

brachialis movement and example

A

flex forearm
reverse curl

83
Q

flexor carpi radialis movement and example

A

flex, abduct wrist
wrist curl

84
Q

flexor carpi unlaris movement and example

A

flex, adduct wrist
wrist curl

85
Q

extensor carpi radialis movement and example

A

extend, abduct wrist
reverse wrist curl

86
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris movement and example

A

extend, adduct wrist
reverse wrist curl

87
Q

psoas major movement and example

A

flex thigh/hip
knee raise

88
Q

iliacus movement and example

A

flex, medially rotate thigh
diagonal knee raise

89
Q

glute max movement and example

A

extend, adduct, laterally rotate thigh
squat

90
Q

glute med movement and example

A

abduct, medially rotate thigh
lateral squat

91
Q

glute min movement and example

A

abduct, medially rotate thigh
lateral squat

92
Q

tensor fascia latae movement and example

A

abduct, medically rotate thigh
supine led abduction

93
Q

piriformis movement and example

A

laterally rotate, abduct thigh
rotational step out

94
Q

quadrates femoris movement and example

A

laterally rotate, abduct thigh
rotational step out

95
Q

tibial translation

A

potentilly harmful translational forces created by the tibia that are placed upon the patellar tendon and knee due to migration of the knees in front of the toes during lower-body movements

96
Q

rectus femoris movement and example

A

extend leg, flex thigh
front squat

97
Q

vastus lateralis movement and example

A

extend leg
lunge

98
Q

vastus intermedius movement and example

A

extend leg
leg press

99
Q

vastus medialis movement and example

A

extend leg
leg extension

100
Q

sartorius movement and example

A

flex hip and leg; rotate leg medially and thigh laterally
lateral step up

101
Q

biceps femoris movement and example

A

extend thigh; flex, laterally rotate leg
RDL

102
Q

semitendinosus movement and example

A

extend thigh; flex, medially rotate leg
supine leg curl

103
Q

semimembranosus movement and example

A

extend thigh; flex, medially rotate thigh
standing leg curl

104
Q

adductor brevis movement and example

A

adduct, flex, laterally rotate thigh
lateral lunge

105
Q

adductor longs movement and example

A

adduct, flex, laterally rotate thigh
side step up

106
Q

adductor Magnus movement and example

A

adduct, extend, laterally rotate thigh
seated adduction

107
Q

pectineus movement and example

A

adduct, flex thigh
cable adduction

108
Q

gastrocnemius movement and example

A

plantar flex foot; flex leg
standing calf raise

109
Q

soleus movement and example

A

plantar flex foot
seated calf raise

110
Q

tibialis anterior movement and example

A

dorsiflex, invert foot
toe raise

111
Q

peroneus tertius movement and example

A

dorsiflex and evert foot
toe raise

112
Q

peroneus brevis movement and example

A

plantar flex, evert foot
calf raise

113
Q

peroneus longus movement and example

A

plantar flex, evert foot
calf raise

114
Q

flat foot

A

fallen arch

115
Q

hollow foot

A

over-arch

116
Q

Which of the following exercises is performed in the transverse plane?
a. Lunge
b. Military press
c. Oblique twist
d. Deadlift

A

c

117
Q

Which segment of the vertebral column has 12 segments and a kyphotic curve?
a. Lumbar
b. Thoracic
c. Cervical
d. Sacral

A

b

118
Q

Which of the following muscles flexes the trunk?
a. Erector spinae
b. Transverse abdominis
c. Rectus abdominis
d. Multifidus

A

c

119
Q

Which of the following muscles retracts the scapula during a seated row?
a. Pectoralis minor
b. Supraspinatus
c. Deltoid
d. Rhomboids

A

d

120
Q

which of the following uses a neutral grip
a. tricep push down
b. bench dip
c. hammer curl
d. barbell curl

A

c

121
Q

Which of the following serves as the primary extensor of the hips?
a. Psoas major
b. Piriformis
c. Gluteus medius
d. Gluteus maximus

A

d

122
Q

Which of the following muscles functions as a leg (knee) flexor?
a. Biceps femoris
b. Semimembranosus
c. Semitendinosus
d. All of the above

A

d

123
Q

the ___ is the standard reference for the body when describing locations, positions and movements of limbs or other structures

A

anatomical position

124
Q

the shoulders and ___ are both ball and socket joints capable of similar actions but possess different levels of mobility and stability

A

hip

125
Q

___ is the term used to describe potentially harmful forces experiences at the knees when they cross over the toes during lunges

A

tibial translation

126
Q

true or false: kyphosis describes and exaggerated anterior curvature of the spine that can lead to injury

A

false

127
Q

True or False? The pelvis and spine are connected, so improper pelvic positioning during exercise can place excessive stress on the lower back (lumbar spine).

A

true

128
Q

indicate at least three biomechanics movements that can be performed by the trunk and/or neck

A

flexion
extension
hyperextension
lateral flexion
rotation

129
Q

indicate at least three biomechanics movements that can be performed by the shoulder joints

A

flexion
extension
abduction
adduction
horizontal adduction
horizontal abduction
internal rotation
external rotation
circumduction

130
Q

identify the muscles of the rotator cuff

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

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