types of experiments- research methods

Question 1

lab experiments strength

Answer 1

high control over confounding and extraneous variables
researcher can ensure any effect on dv is the result of manipulation of iv
more certain about demonstrating cause and effect
replication more possible due to high level of control
ensures new extraneous variables not introduced when repeating
replication vital to check results of any study to see whether findings valid

Question 2

lab experiments limitations

Answer 2

lack generalisability
artificial and not like everyday life
unfamiliar context pps may behave in unusual ways so their behaviour cant always be generalised beyond the research setting
pps aware they are being tested give rise to demand characteristics
task pps are asked to carry out may not represent everyday experience

Question 3

lab experiments

Answer 3

conducted highly controlled environments
not always lab

Question 4

field experiments

Answer 4

iv manipulated in natural everyday setting
researcher goes to pps usual environment

Question 5

field ecperiments strengths

Answer 5

higher mundane realism- environment more natural
may produce behaviour that is more valid and authentic

Question 6

field experiments limitations

Answer 6

loss of control of cvs and evs
cause and effect between iv and dv may be more difficult to establish
precise replication not possible
ethical issues- pps unaware they are being studied tehy cant consent and research might constitute invasion of privacy

Question 7

natural experiments

Answer 7

researcher measures effet of iv on dv
researcher has no control over iv and cant change it
if iv natural pps dv may be naturally occurring or devised by experimenter

Question 8

natural experiment strengths

Answer 8

provides opportunitis for research that may not be undertaken for practical or etihica reasons
high external validity because they involve the study of real world issues as they happen

Question 9

natural experiments limiations

Answer 9

may happen rarely reducing opportunities for research, limit scope for generalising findings to similar situations
pps may not be randomly allocated to experimental conditions
researcher might be less sure if iv affected dv
may be in lab so lack realism and demand characteristics issue

Question 10

quasi experiments

Answer 10

iv based on existing difference between people
no one manipulated iv, it just exists and cant be changed
dv may be naturally occurring or may be devised by experimenter and measured in the field or lab

Question 11

quasi experiments strengths and limitations

Answer 11

+ carrieed out under controlled conditions so share some strengths with lab experiments
- cant raodnomly allocate pps to conditions and may be confounding variables
- not changed by researcher iv) s cant claim that the iv has caused any observed change