resistance to social influence- social influence Flashcards
what is resisiting conformity
pressure to conform resisted if other people present not conforming
asch- condederate not conforming may not be giving the right answer
someone else is not following the majority is social support
enales naive pp to free to follow own conscience, confederate act as model of independent behaviour, disent gives rise to more dissent because shows majority no longer unanimous
what is resisiting obedience
pressure to obey can be resisted if another person disobey
rate of obedience fropped from 65% to 10% in milgram when genuine pp joined by disobedience confederate
pps may not follow disobeitn persons behaviour but point is others disobedience acts as model of dissent for pp to copy and frees him to act from own conscience
model challenges legitimacy of authority figure making it easier for others to disobey
what is locus of control
rotter- concept concerned with internal control vs external control
internal- believe that the things that happen are controlled by themselves
external- believe things happen are outside of control
what is the LOC continuum
not either internal or external
loc is scale and individuals vary in their position
high internal loc is at one end and high external at the other
low external and internal lie in between
what is resistance to social influence
high internal loc more able to resist pressures to conform or obey
person takes personal responsibilty for actions and experiences tend to base decisions on their own belies rather than depending on opinions of others
people with high internal loc more self confident more achievement oriented and higher intelligence- greater resistance to social influence
what is real world research support (eval- social support)
evidence for positive effects of social support
albrecht- evaluated teen fresh start usa eight week programme to help preg adolescents aged 14-19 resist peer pressure to smoke
social support provided by slightly odler mentor- adolescnets who had buddy less likely to smoke than control group
social support can help young poeple resist social influence as part of intervention in real world
what is research support for dissenting peers (eval- social support)
support role of dissenting peers in resisting obedience
gamson- pps told to produce evidence that would be used to help oil company run smear campaign
researchers found higher levels of resistance in their study than milgram
pps were in groups so discuss what they were told to do
29/33 groups rebelled against their orders
peer support can lead to disobedience by undermining legitimacy of authority figure
what is research support (eval- loc)
evidence support link between loc and resistance to obedience
holland- repeated milgrams baseline stdy and measured whether pps internals or externals
37% internals did not continue to highest shock level
23% externals didnt continue
internals greater resistance
increases validity of loc as explanation of disobedience
what is contradictory evidence (eval-loc)
evidence that challenges link between loc and resistance
twenge- analysed data from american locus of control studies over 40yrs data showed people become more resistant to obedience but more external
if resistance linked to internal loc we would expect people to have become more internal
loc not valid explanation of how people resist social influence
