types and explanations- social influence Flashcards
what is internalisation
occurs when person accepts group norms
results in private and public change of opinions and behaviour
change permanent because attitudes been internalised
change in opinions behaviour persists even in absence of other group members
what is identification
conform to opinions/behaviour of group because there is something about that group we value
identify with group we want to be part of it
publicly change opinions/behaviour to be accepted by group even if dont privately agree with everything the group stands for
what is compliance
going along with others in public but privately not changing personal opinions/behaviour
results in superficial change
particular behaviour/opinion stops as soon as group pressure stops
what is informational social influence
who has better info
uncertain about what behaviours/beliefs right/wrong
follow behaviour of group because want to be right
isi- cognitive process to do wiht what you think
leads to permanent change in opinion/behaviour
most likely to happen in situations new to person or where there is some ambiguity
occurs in crisis situations where decisions have to be made quickly and we assume that the group is more likely to be right
what is normative social influence
what is normal/typical behaviour for social group
norms regulate behaviour of groups and individuals
people dont like to appear foolish and prefer to gain social approval rather than be rejected
nsi- emtoional process
temporary change in opinions/behaviours
likely to occur in situations with strangers where feel concerned about rejection
occur wtih people you know because we are most concerned about social approval of our friends
more pronounced in stressful situations where people have greater need for social support
what is research support for nsi
evidence supports it as explanation of conformity
asch- interviewd pps some said conformed because felt self conscious giving correct answer and were afraid of disapproval, pps wrote down their answers conformity fell to 12.5%- giving answers privately meant no normative group pressure
least some confomrity due to desire not to be rejected by group for disagreeing with them
what is research support for isi
evidence to support isi from studies
lucas- pps conformed more often incorrect answers they were given when maths problems difficult
when problems easy the pps knew their own minds but when problems were hard the situation became ambiguous
pps did not want to be wrong so they relied on answers they were given
valid explanation of confomrity because results are what isi would predict
unclear whether nsi or isi at work in research studies
asch- conformity reduced when there is one other dissenting participant
dissenter reduce power of nsi or reduce pwower of is
interpretations possible
hard to separate isi and nsi and both processes operate together in most real world conformity situations
what si individual differences
nsi does not predict conformity in every case
greatly concerned with being liked by others
nAffiliators- strong need for affiliation- want to relate to other people
mcghee and teevan found studens who were nAffiliators more liekly to conform
shows nsi underlies conformity for some people more than ti does for others
indiivudal differences in conformity that cant be fully explained by one general theory of situational pressures
