depression- psychopathology

Question 1

what is dsm 5 categories of depression

Answer 1

all forms of depression characterised by changes to mood
major depressive disorder- severe but short term depression
persistent depressive disorder- long term or recurring depression
disruptive mood dysregulation disorder- childhood temper tantums
premenstrual dysphoric disorder- disruption to mood prior to and during menstruation

Question 2

what are behavioural characteristics of depression

Answer 2

anctivity levels- people with depression erduced levels of energy making them lethargic, knock on effect withdraw from work educatoin and social life, psychomotor agitation struggle to relax
disruption to sleep and eating behaviour- reduced sleep or increased need for sleep, appetite and eating may increase or decrease leading to weight gain or weight loss
aggression and self harm- often irritable, can become verbally or physically aggressive, knock on effects of life, lead t physical aggression directed at the self- self harm

Question 3

what are emotional characteristics of depression

Answer 3

lowered mood- feeling sad, more pronounced than in daily kind of experience of feeling lethargic and sad, decribe themselves as worthless and empty
anger- can be directed at self or tohers, emotions lead to aggressive or self harm behaviour
lowered self esteem- tend to report reduced self esteem like themselves less than usual, describing sense of self loathing

Question 4

what are cognitive characteristics of depression

Answer 4

poor concentration- find themslves unable to stick with task as they usually would, find it hard to make decision normally find straightforward, interfere with work
attending to and dwelling on negative- inclined to pay more attention to negative aspects of situation and ignore positives, bias towards recalling unahppy evetnst rather than happy ones
absolutist thinking- tend to think black and white thiking, when situation is unfortunate tend to see it as absolute disaster