translation Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

what is process of translation

A

process in which the code carried by a mRNA molecule is used to synthesize a protein by assembling a series of amino acids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where does translation happen

A

happens at ribosome in cytoplasm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is involved

A

mRNA: message carried by the mRNA molecule will be translated into the synthesis of a specific protein molecule.

tRNA: transports amino acid to ribosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

about ribosomes, and its parts.

A

are organelles in the cytoplasm of cell

made up of rrna and a large # of proteins.

large subunit and small subunit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is on tRNA

A

at one end there are 3 exposed nucleotides called anti-codon, which bonds to complementary mRNA.

at the other end is a site for tRNA to bind with a particular amino acid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

initiation

A

once mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters cytoplasm, it joins with small subunit of a ribosome. ribosome attaches to 5’.

small subunit moves along mRNA molecule until it reaches a start codon. when reached, tRNA molecule with the complementary anti codon transports a methionine and binds to codon on mrna.

large subunit binds to entire complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

elongation

A

ribosome moves along the mRNA molecule one codon at a time.

when a new codon enters the ribosome, the tRNA molecule with the complementary anti-codon and associated amino acid attach to the ribosome.

amino acid on tRNA will bind together with peptide bonds to form a chain.

process continues one codon/one amino acid/ one anti-codon until stop codon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

termination

A

as tRNA molecules loose their amino acids, they are released back in cytoplasm.

at stop codon, amino acid chain, mRNA molecule and subumits of ribosome are released.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is made

A

when amino acid chain is released from ribosome, it can fold up to take its unique form/shape and become a functional protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly