basic chemistry

Question 1

2 regions of atoms

Answer 1

nucleus- includes protons which are positively charged, and determines the type of atom

electron shell

Question 2

properties of atoms (about charges, protons, electrons, etc)

Answer 2

-protons attract an equal number of electrons

-atom unstable if outermost shell not filled

-unstable atoms interact to become stable

-amount of energy on electron holds can change

Question 3

chemical bonds

Answer 3

ionic: electrons transferred from 1 atom to another

covalent bonds: sharing of electrons between atoms (results in formation of molecules)

Question 4

polar covalent bond

Answer 4

type of covalent bond where electrons are not shared equally

Question 5

bonds of hydrogen
bonds of carbon
bonds of nitrogen
bonds of oxygen

Answer 5

1
4
3
2

Question 6

(one of the properties of water)

what does water act as?
soulvent or solute

Answer 6

acts as solvent for ionic or polar covalent substances

Question 7

(one of the properties of water)

hydrogen bonds results in..

Answer 7

-specific heat (living things under water dont need to worry about temp change)

-cohesion (h molecules stick, not alcohol)

-high heat vaporization

-expansion on freezing

Question 8

scale if acid and base

Answer 8

if ph lower than 7: acid
if ph larger than 7: base
7 is neutral

Question 9

buffer

Answer 9

substance that releases or absorbs h+.

minimizes ph changes of solutions