gene transfer/recombinant DNA

Question 1

purpose

Answer 1

“target DNA” (usually a gen) can be inserted into the DNA of bacterial cells.

the bacteria cells can reproduce additional copies of the gene, or the protein that the gene codes for.

Question 2

what does bacteria have

Answer 2

have circular DNA and usually one or more plasmids

Question 3

what are plasmids

Answer 3

are smaller segments of circular DNA

Question 4

restriction map

Answer 4

a map of known restriction sites/ sequences within a sequence of DNA.

Question 5

why are restriction maps useful?

Answer 5

identifying sites that restriction enzymes would cut a particular plasmid could be very helpful when inserting/ removing genes.

are a reference to engineer plasmids

Question 6

procedure

Answer 6

1. RE cuts sugar phosphate backbone
2. DNA fragments added from another molecule cut by the same RE. Base pairing occurs
3. DNA ligase seals the strands

Question 7

after procedure

Answer 7

bacteria containing the recombinant DNA are then isolated and allowed to reproduce millions of times

Question 8

how to differentiate bacteria

Answer 8

are given a marker to differentiate bacteria that carry the plasmid.

Question 9

how to differentiate

Answer 9

marker is used to differentiate bacteria that is carrying the plasmid

Question 10

protein gene

Answer 10

1. heart therapy: protein dissolves blood clots in heart attack therapy
2. human growth hormone treats stunted growth

Question 11

gene for farming

Answer 11

1. gene for pests resistance
2. gene used to alter bacteria for cleaning up toxic waste