gel electrophoresis Flashcards

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1
Q

why do people do it

A

to sort and measure DNA strands according to lengths

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2
Q

why is DNA negatively charged

A

because of the phosphate groups in the backbone of the molecule

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3
Q

how does dna move through gel

A

electric current is passed through gel, since DNA is negatively charged, the fragments are repelled by a negative charge attracted by a positive charge

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4
Q

procedure
1

A

RE cut DNA into fragments

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5
Q

procedure
2

A

DNA sample is placed in a well at the top of a gel.
gel is porous- it has tiny holes so that dna fragments can squeeze through

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6
Q

procedure 3

A

electric current is passed through.

smaller fragments can squeeze through more easily, so they move the fastest and furthest along the gel (larger fragments are opposite).

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7
Q

procedure 4

A

DNA ends up forming bands in the gel at different locations, depending on the different locations, depending on the size and number of fragments

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8
Q

how to know fragment size

A

is determined by “running” a known DNA sample beside well so the band locations can be compared.

results of the know sample creates a “ladder” with bands at known lengths measured in bp

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9
Q

how to make it visible

A

ethidium bromide under UV light
- simplest method is to dye the DNA with a molecule that will attach to the DNA and can be seen.

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