Topic 36

Question 1

Theory of selection

Answer 1

under selection, individuals with advantageous or “adaptive” traits tend to be more successful than their peers reproductively - they give more offspring

Question 2

Who can undergo selection?

Answer 2

Adults, juveniles, embryos, eggs and sperm

Question 3

Factors fostering selection

Answer 3

include limits on resources (nourishment, habitat space) and the existence of threats

Question 4

Selection types

Answer 4

Natural, artificial

Question 5

Natural selection

Answer 5

ecological selection, sexual selection

Question 6

SD

Answer 6

Selection differential; the superiority of the animals selected over the mean of the population

Question 7

SD=

Answer 7

Pp-Ppop=change in P (phenotypic difference between the mean value of selected parents and the mean value of the possible parental population

Question 8

R=

Answer 8

Response to selection; in selective breeding of animals, the expected response to selection can be estimated by the following equation - h2= S/R

Question 9

L=

Answer 9

generation interval; average age of parents at birth of progenies; r=h2xSD/L

Question 10

I=

Answer 10

Intensity selection; SD of selected animals from herd average

Question 11

Remount rate

Answer 11

percentage of progenies depends on reproduction and survival rate