Topic 1 Flashcards
define microevolution
small scale genetic changes over a few generations. Occur belows species level: breeds.
- Mutations
- Natural/artificial selection
- Gene flow (transfer of genes from a population to another)
- Genetic drift (changein the frequency of an allele in a population)
- Non random mating
define macroevolution
large scale gene change over a geological time period.
name the 5 degrees of domestication
- wild
- pre-domesticated
- bred by human control, but wild behavior - semi-domesticated
- raise commercially(farmed/ranched) for ex food, trade
- no change in group or appearance - full domestication
- bred and raised by humans for many generations
- altered group and appearance - re-domestication
- wild animal descended from domesticated ones = feral, - - feral animal back to domestication
name 4 reasons for domestication
- production
- work help
- protection
- companion animals
name 5 criteria for an animal to be considered domesticated
- flexible diet: cost effective
- fast growth rate: ex broilers
- ability to breed in captivity
- pleasent temprement
- humans = leaders, modified social hierarchy
name the ancestor, date and local of
horse
forest wild horse
4000 BC
europe
name the ancestor, date and local of
swine
wild boar
8000-9000 BC
asia, europe
name the ancestor, date and local of
cattle
aurochs
8000 BC
india europe
name the ancestor, date and local of
sheep
red wild sheep
9000-11000 BC
asia
name the ancestor, date and local of
goat
bezoar boat
10 000 BC
asia
name the ancestor, date and local of
dog
wolf
15 000 BC
europe
name the ancestor, date and local of
cat
nubian wild cat
8000 BC
egypt
name the ancestor, date and local of
guinea pig
south america wild guinea pig
5000 BC
america
name the ancestor, date and local of
lab mice, lab rat
wild mouse - norwegian wild rat
19th century
