Topic 34 Flashcards
Genetic merit
individual or in populations
Individual genetic merit
The individual genetic merit (value of genotype of an animal) is the sum of the calculated averages according to the additive - and non additive alleic effects in each loci. Remains constant
(how the genotypes of an animal effects the phenotype differently)?
Population genetic merit
is the average of the individuals genetic merits
Breeding value
of an animal is the deviation of the individual genetic merit from the mean genetic merit of a reference population.
Individual breeding value
It is of altering degree, and changes according to the value of the reference population or of mating partners
General breeding value
only additive gene effects are considerate
additive genes: Genes that code for the same function or trait and their effects work together on the phenotype
Special breeding value
additive and non additive gene effects
Aggregated breeding value
complex value established
Methods of estimation
BLUP; AM; BV
BLUP
Best Linear Unbiased Production; complex system of equations, used in BV estimation
General linear mixed model
y=x(beta)+Zu+e ; y=observation vector; beta=unknown vector; u=non observed random vector; e=vector of residuals
AM
Animal Models
What can the BLUP and AM do?
They can simultaneously estimate environmental effects and make the correction for then
Models used in BV estimations
Additive; Non additive
Additive
AM, BLUP, Correlation factors, classification factors
Genes that code for the same function or trait and their effects work together on the phenotype
