TO 8-1 Flashcards

Question

jeer noun | BrE /dʒɪə(r)/ ; NAmE /dʒɪr/

Answer 1

[usually plural] a rude remark that somebody shouts at somebody else to show that they do not respect or like them synonym taunt ex) The jeers and boos and angry tears of Bernie Sanders die-hards so dominated the first hours of the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia that it might have seemed doomed to collapse into hostility and chaos on the first day. He walked on to the stage to be greeted with jeers and whistles. a jeer at the umpire

Answer 2

1) a sound that people make to show that they do not like an actor, speaker, etc. ex) The jeers and boos and angry tears of Bernie Sanders die-hards so dominated the first hours of the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia that it might have seemed doomed to collapse into hostility and chaos on the first day. ‘Boo!’ they shouted, ‘Get off!’ The speech was greeted with loud boos from the audience. boos and hisses from the crowd

Answer 3

a person who strongly opposes change and new ideas ex) The jeers and boos and angry tears of Bernie Sanders die-hards so dominated the first hours of the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia that it might have seemed doomed to collapse into hostility and chaos on the first day. A few diehards are trying to stop the reforms.

Answer 4

disagreement between people or within a group ex) But in their unruly way they seem to have managed to rise above dissension, with the help of a succession of speeches on Monday night that together would make a remarkable highlight reel of political exhortation toward unity. dissension within the government

Answer 5

1) to not be affected or limited by problems, insults, etc. ex) But in their unruly way they seem to have managed to rise above dissension, with the help of a succession of speeches on Monday night that together would make a remarkable highlight reel of political exhortation toward unity. She had the courage and determination to rise above her physical disability. He had struggled hard to rise above his humble background.

Answer 6

1) (especially British English) (also spool especially in North American English) a round object around which you wind such things as thread, wire or film; a reel together with the film, wire, thread, etc. that is wound around it ex) But in their unruly way they seem to have managed to rise above dissension, with the help of a succession of speeches on Monday night that together would make a remarkable highlight reel of political exhortation toward unity. a cotton reel a reel on a fishing rod reels of magnetic tape a new reel of film The hero was killed in the final reel (= in the final part of the film/movie).

Answer 7

an act of trying very hard to persuade somebody to do something ex) But in their unruly way they seem to have managed to rise above dissension, with the help of a succession of speeches on Monday night that together would make a remarkable highlight reel of political exhortation toward unity. The play becomes a strong exhortation to enjoy life while you still can. Experience shows that encouragement and exhortation have not produced change.

Answer 8

unhappy and disappointed synonym despondent ex) "Democracy is a little bit messy sometimes," Bernie Sanders said on Tuesday morning to dejected supporters who were still getting their heads around the hitch in their plans for a November revolution. She looked so dejected when she lost the game.

Answer 9

having or showing very strong and sincere feelings about something synonym ardent ex) But he was fervent in supporting Mrs. Clinton, and the party platform, which he had, through a vigorous campaign, bent toward his own vision of helping working people and the poor. a fervent admirer/believer/supporter a fervent belief/hope/desire

Answer 10

enthusiastic clapping by an audience as a sign of their approval ex) And yet there in Philadelphia was her once-ferocious adversary, recipient of a warmly sympathetic ovation on Tuesday afternoon, when Representative Tulsi Gabbard of Hawaii put his name in nomination. to give somebody a huge/rapturous/rousing ovation The soloist got a ten-minute standing ovation (= in which people stand up from their seats).

Answer 11

1) a public entertainment in which people dress in historical costumes and give performances of scenes from history ex) They were filming a colourful pageant about Scotland’s past. 2) (North American English) a competition for young women in which their beauty, personal qualities and skills are judged ex) a beauty pageant 3) pageant (of something) (literary) something that is considered as a series of interesting and different events ex) They are not just midsummer pageants, the rallies before the homecoming game, where control of the White House involves a periodic governing adjustment a few degrees to the left, right or center. life’s rich pageant

Answer 12

He needs help eating, he needs help getting dressed, he doesn't really know where he is or when it is, and it's been really, really hard.

Answer 13

There's about 35 million people globally living with some kind of dementia, and by 2030 they're expecting that to double to 70 million.

Answer 14

Or, we decide that we're going to prevent dementia, and it will never happen to us because we're going to do everything right and it won't come and get us.

Answer 15

He'll put numbers in where he thinks there should be numbers.

Answer 16

Because the more things that are familiar, the more things my hands know how to do, the more things that I can be happy and busy doing when my brain's not running the show anymore.

Answer 17

I need a heart so pure that if it's stripped bare by dementia, it will survive.

Answer 18

a very different experience from something synonym remote ex) The country grew just 4.4 percent this summer, a far cry from the 7.7 percent average for the past decade. All this luxury was a far cry from the poverty of his childhood.

Answer 19

3) [intransitive] to fall rapidly in value or amount ex) Its currency, the rupee, has tumbled 16 percent against the dollar in the last three months. The price of oil is still tumbling.

Answer 20

to fail to reach the standard that you expected or need ex) Until the coalition government led by Prime Minister Manhohan Singh reforms the country's economy, India will fall far short of its potential. The hotel fell far short of their expectations.

Answer 21

a fault in somebody’s character, a plan, a system, etc. synonym defect ex) During the global financial boom of the mid-2000s, investors indiscriminately dumped cash into fast-growing countries and India's shortcomings were easily overlooked. She made me aware of my own shortcomings. Despite a number of shortcomings, the project will still go ahead.

Answer 22

to prevent somebody from doing what they want to do synonym frustrate ex) And politics have thwarted reforms in labor and education. to thwart somebody’s plans She was thwarted in her attempt to take control of the party.

Answer 23

without the ability to achieve much; weak; not achieving what you want to ex) Mr. Singh has been an ineffectual leader without much authority. an ineffectual teacher an ineffectual attempt to reform the law

Answer 24

1) the distance or measurement from one side to the other; how broad or wide something is synonym width ex) She estimated the breadth of the lake to be 500 metres. 2) a wide range (of knowledge, interests, etc.) ex) Microsoft's $7.2 billion acquisition of Nokia's handset and services operations, when the deal closes early next year, will increase the company's head count by 30 percent and add a big, new hardware unit to a dizzying variety of businesses - an unusual situation in an industry where focus is often prized more than breadth. He was surprised at her breadth of reading. The curriculum needs breadth and balance. a new political leader whose breadth of vision (= willingness to accept new ideas) can persuade others to change

Answer 25

a combination of elements from different sources used to create a new song, video, computer file, program, etc. ex) The company is a mash-up of the business in which competitors like Google, Yahoo, Oracle, Apple and Nintendo specialize, putting an enormous burden on the company's chief executive, Steven A. Ballmer, who has announced plans to retire within the next 12 months. a video mashup Most mashups are simple remixes that DJs have been doing for decades. It’s a new web service that allows people to create mashups of movies, combining scenes from various films.

Answer 26

assault case offender / aggressor / assailant : victim

Answer 27

deport / kick sb out of the country / evict / expel / banish sb from the country

Answer 28

Unfortunately, some of them get themselves into trouble

Answer 29

If you get convicted of assault, you can be deported and are not allowed entry into that country again.

Answer 30

The best thing you should do in that case is to go to the consulate. * consul

Answer 31

so interesting or exciting that it holds your attention completely synonym engrossing ex) It was one of Silicon Valley's most riveting success stories. As usual, she gave a riveting performance. (humorous) It was hardly the most riveting of lectures, was it? Life in a little Norfolk village was hardly riveting. The play was absolutely riveting!

Answer 32

1) a small brown bird with a pleasant song [skylark] 종달새, 종다리 2) [usually singular] (informal) a thing that you do for fun or as a joke ex) The boys didn't mean any harm—they just did it for a lark. 3) (British English, informal) (used after another noun) an activity that you think is a waste of time or that you do not take seriously ex) Yahoo began in 1994 as a lark in Stanford's dormitories, when two students, David Filo and Jerry Yang, assembled their favourite links on a page called "Jerry and David's Guide to the World Wide Web." Perhaps this riding lark would be more fun than she'd thought.

Answer 33

2) a position, a time or an opportunity for somebody/something, for example in a list, a programme of events or a series of broadcasts ex) In the dotcom version of Monopoly, Yahoo got the prime slot. He has a regular slot on the late-night programme. Their album has occupied the Number One slot for the past six weeks. the airport’s take-off and landing slots

Answer 34

3) [intransitive, transitive] churn (somebody) (up) to feel or to make somebody feel upset or emotionally confused ex) Yahoo churned through four chief executives in the three years before the hiring of Marissa Mayer in 2012. Conflicting emotions churned inside him.

Answer 35

1) the end or failure of an institution, an idea, a company, etc. ex) Three problems explain the firm's demise. 2) (formal or humorous) death ex) his imminent/sudden/sad demise

Answer 36

the act of not giving a direct answer to a question in order to hide the truth ex) It could not decide whether search was a "commodity" business to be outsourced or an area worthy of heavy investment; its prevarication allowed Google to rise. She accused him of prevarication. The report was full of lies and prevarications.

Answer 37

``` multiple-personality disorder noun BrE ; NAmE (less frequent split-personality disorder) dual personality (psychology) ``` a rare condition in which a person seems to have one or more different personalities ex) Ms. Mayer, and the company's toothless board, did nothing to resolve Yahoo's split corporate personality.

Answer 38

3) [intransitive] (informal) to be a complete failure ex) Others flopped: Ms. Mayer, for example, bought Tumblr, a social-networking platform, for $1.1 billion in 2013, even though it was about to run out of money. The play flopped on Broadway. England flopped in the European Championship. Many of his ambitious schemes have flopped in the past.

Answer 39

to not be completed, or not happen ex) It agreed to buy Facebook for $1 billion, but the deal fell through when Yahoo tried to negotiate down the price. Our plans fell through because of lack of money.

Answer 40

(of a situation or fact) making you angry because it is unfair ex) Most galling of all, Mr. Yang, the chief executive at the time, had the chance to sell Yahoo to Microsoft for around $45 billion in early 2008. It was galling to have to apologize to a man she hated.

Answer 41

a person’s children; the young of animals and plants ex) This is the third lesson from Yahoo's demise: founders can often be too attached to their progeny to make the right strategic decisions. He was surrounded by his numerous progeny.

Answer 42

1) apprehend somebody (of the police) to catch somebody and arrest them ex) During the first eight months of this fiscal year, more than 120,700 people from El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras were apprehended along the Mexican border. The police apprehended an armed suspect near the scene of the crime. The thief was apprehended in the act of stealing a car. 2) apprehend something (old-fashioned) to understand or recognize something ex) He was slow to apprehend danger.

Answer 43

1) a flat structure made of pieces of wood tied together and used as a boat or floating platform 뗏목 2) a small boat made of rubber or plastic that is filled with air ex) While previous waves of Cuban migrants arrived primarily in rafts, most now arrive on foot across the Mexican border after paying thousands of dollars to human smugglers. an inflatable raft 3) [usually singular] raft of something (informal) a large number or amount of something ex) a whole raft of new proposals

Answer 44

persecution noun BrE /ˌpɜːsɪˈkjuːʃn/ ; NAmE /ˌpɜːrsɪˈkjuːʃn/ [uncountable, countable] 1) the act of treating somebody in a cruel and unfair way, especially because of their race, religion or political beliefs ex) Leaders from those countries should encourage President Obama to rescind the current policy and admit only those people who can prove that they face persecution at home. the victims of religious persecution They fled to Europe to escape persecution.

Answer 45

to the degree that ex) People are always asking me where I come from, and they're expecting me to say India, and they're absolutely right insofar as 100 percent of my blood and ancestry does come from India. That's the truth, in so far as I know it.

Answer 46

Then I'm entirely of that funny little country known as England, except I left England as soon as I completed my undergraduate education, and all the time I was growing up, I was the only kid in all my classes who didn't begin to look like the classic English heroes represented in our textbooks.

Answer 47

7) [transitive] not begin to do something to make no attempt to do something or have no chance of doing something ex) Then I'm entirely of that funny little country known as England, except I left England as soon as I completed my undergraduate education, and all the time I was growing up, I was the only kid in all my classes who didn't begin to look like the classic English heroes represented in our textbooks. I can't begin to thank you enough. He didn't even begin to understand my problem.

Answer 48

I've been there on a tourist visa.

Answer 49

to become completely clear to somebody, often in a way that is painful ex) And I'd always felt this way, but it really came home to me, as it were, some years ago when I was climbing up the stairs in my parents' house in California, and I looked through the living room windows and I saw that we were encircled by 70-foot flames, one of those wildfires that regularly tear through the hills of California and many other such places. It suddenly came home to him that he was never going to see Julie again.

Answer 50

used when a speaker is giving his or her own impression of a situation or expressing something in a particular way ex) And I'd always felt this way, but it really came home to me, as it were, some years ago when I was climbing up the stairs in my parents' house in California, and I looked through the living room windows and I saw that we were encircled by 70-foot flames, one of those wildfires that regularly tear through the hills of California and many other such places. Teachers must put the brakes on, as it were, when they notice students looking puzzled.

Answer 51

Because when my grandparents were born, they pretty much had their sense of home, their sense of community, even their sense of enmity, assigned to them at birth, and didn't have much change of stepping outside of that.

Answer 52

after a fashion to some extent, but not very well ex) I can play the piano, after a fashion. ‘Do you speak French?’ ‘After a fashion.’

Answer 53

to make or shape something, especially with your hands ex) And nowadays, at least some of us can choose our sense of home, create our sense of community, fashion our sense of self, and in so doing maybe step a little beyond some of the black and white divisions of our grandparents' age. She fashioned a pot from the clay. She fashioned the clay into a pot.

Answer 54

thereby; because of this; due to this ex) And nowadays, at least some of us can choose our sense of home, create our sense of community, fashion our sense of self, and in so doing maybe step a little beyond some of the black and white divisions of our grandparents' age.

Answer 55

(often approving) different from anything known before; new, interesting and often seeming slightly strange ex) The evidence is from a novel experiment involving mice and humans that is part of a growing fascination with gut bacteria and their role in health and diseases like irritable bowel syndrome and Crohn's disease. a novel feature Job-sharing is still a novel concept and it will take a while for employers to get used to it. The plan sounded rather novel. It was an American who came up with the novel idea of drive-in restaurants.

Answer 56

connected with feces (=똥, 배설물) ex) "This is not a study that says humans will have a different body weight" if they get a fecal transplant, he said. fecal matter

Answer 57

solid waste material that leaves the body through the anus synonym excrement ex) He wants to figure out which bacteria are responsible for the effect so that, eventually, people can be given pure mixtures of bacteria instead of feces.

Answer 58

(trademark) a synthetic analgesic drug that is similar to morphine in its effects and subject to abuse and addiction. ex) White women are more likely than black women to "smoke and drink and abuse prescription drugs like OxyContin and street drugs like meth," but it's unclear why that's the case.

Answer 59

a drug sold illegally and used for its mood-altering, stimulant, or sedative effects ex) White women are more likely than black women to "smoke and drink and abuse prescription drugs like OxyContin and street drugs like meth," but it's unclear why that's the case. Well known as an animal tranquilizer, ketamine is also used as an illicit street drug called 'special K.'

Answer 60

[transitive, intransitive] hypothesize (something) | hypothesize that… (formal) to suggest a way of explaining something when you do not definitely know about it; to form a hypothesis ex) As one researcher hypothesized, jobs could connect women to social networks and even give them a "sense of purpose" that could help extend their lives, but as Potts notes, that's a pretty "squishy" justification that hasn't been fully explored. The causes can be hypothesized but not proved. We can only hypothesize that the cases we know about are typical. Let us try to hypothesize a particular market situation. There are particular problems that arise when hypothesizing about the origins of the universe. * posit something | posit that… (formal) to suggest or accept that something is true so that it can be used as the basis for an argument or discussion synonym postulate ex) Most religions posit the existence of life after death. She posits that ideas of gender are socially constructed. They were forced to modify the political premises on which the regime was posited.

Answer 61

soft and wet; rather soft, often softer than it should be ex) As one researcher hypothesized, jobs could connect women to social networks and even give them a "sense of purpose" that could help extend their lives, but as Potts notes, that's a pretty "squishy" justification that hasn't been fully explored. The crowd pelted the speakers with squishy tomatoes. The leaves were soft and squishy underfoot.

Answer 62

blow in | blow into something (informal) to arrive or enter a place suddenly ex) After all, the fine dust storms blow in from China during spring. Look who's just blown in! Have you heard who's blown into town?

Answer 63

A new book called 'The Vegetarian Myth' is having a lot of people worried.

Answer 64

refined adjective BrE /rɪˈfaɪnd/ ; NAmE /rɪˈfaɪnd/ 1) [usually before noun] (of a substance) made pure by having other substances taken out of it ex) She talks about refined sugar and grains. refined sugar

Answer 65

Ground and polished rice are not considered very healthy. Even fruits and vegetables lose much of their health benefits once they're processed.

Answer 66

Near the Seongju county office, Lee Soo-in mans a makeshift stand for citizens wanting to renounce their affiliation to the ruling Saenuri party.

Answer 67

(manning, manned) man something to work at a place or be in charge of a place or a machine; to supply people to work somewhere synonym crew, staff ex) Near the Seongju county office, Lee Soo-in mans a makeshift stand for citizens wanting to renounce their affiliation to the ruling Saenuri party. Soldiers manned barricades around the city. The telephones are manned 24 hours a day by volunteers.

Answer 68

[intransitive] to hesitate about what to do because you are unable to decide ex) Fearful of upsetting China, South Korea had long dithered over whether to add the sophisticated system -- which could shoot down incoming North Korean ballistic missiles above the atmosphere -- to its crop of Patriot batteries, which destroy missiles at lower altitudes. Stop dithering and get on with it. She was dithering over what to wear.

Answer 69

[intransitive] (informal, disapproving) to find out private things about somebody, especially by looking secretly around a place ex) It says that the system's powerful radar might be used to snoop on China. Someone's been snooping around my apartment. journalists snooping on politicians

Answer 70

Yet it is the intensity of protests at home that has wrong-footed Ms. Park's administration.

Answer 71

wrong-foot somebody (British English) to put somebody in a difficult or embarrassing situation by doing something that they do not expect ex) Yet it is the intensity of protests at home that has wrong-footed Ms. Park's administration. It was an attempt to wrong-foot the opposition. His low pass wrong-footed the other team’s defence.

Answer 72

the process of treating food with gamma radiation in order to preserve it * Radiation and irradiation are two terms used to describe processes of transferring energy to and from an object. The main difference between radiation and irradiation is that the term radiation refers to many different processes of transferring energy including the transfer of energy via electromagnetic waves or the emission of particles during nuclear decay, whereas irradiation refers more specifically to the process by which an object may be exposed to radiation. ex) Residents in Seongju and nearby appear to fear irradiation from THAAD's electromagnetic waves more than the (real) threat of nukes from North Korea -- which has lately promised, with signature bombast, to turn Seongju into "a sea of fire" and "a pile of ash."

Answer 73

[usually passive] festoon somebody/something (with something) to decorate somebody/something with flowers, coloured paper, etc., often as part of a celebration ex) The town is festooned with protest banners: "Opposed to THAAD with our lives" and "We must not pass the waves on to our young." The streets were festooned with banners and lights.

Answer 74

Rumor has it' is an expression used when suggesting you might have heard something or read about something that is taking place now or in the future. A rumor is not a fact. ex) Rumour has it that no one wants to marry a Seongju bride.

Answer 75

1) quell something/somebody to stop something such as violent behaviour or protests ex) Extra police were called in to quell the disturbances. (figurative) She started to giggle, but Bob quelled her with a look. 2) quell something to stop or reduce strong or unpleasant feelings synonym calm ex) South Korea has tried to quell panic by measuring what waves are emitted from its existing anti-missile systems, as well as from a THAAD battery at an American base in Guam. to quell your fears

Answer 76

1) [transitive] pelt somebody (with something) to attack somebody by throwing things at them ex) Protesters pelted them with eggs and water bottles. The children pelted him with snowballs. We were pelted with rotten tomatoes. 2) [intransitive] pelt (down) (of rain) to fall very heavily ex) By now the rain was pelting down. I drove home with the rain pelting through the window. Raindrops the size of golf balls were pelting down on her. 3) [intransitive] + adv./prep. (informal) to run somewhere very fast synonym dash ex) We pelted down the hill after the car.

Answer 77

[uncountable, countable] zeal (for/in something) (formal) great energy or enthusiasm connected with something that you feel strongly about ex) Such zeal is common in South Korea's young, raucous democracy. her missionary/reforming/religious/political zeal

Answer 78

sounding loud and rough ex) Such zeal is common in South Korea's young, raucous democracy. raucous laughter a raucous voice a group of raucous young men They grew more and more raucous as the evening went on.

Answer 79

the act of forcing somebody to leave a house or land, especially when you have the legal right to do so ex) These went ahead, but not without delays, ugly evictions and compensation. to face eviction from your home

Answer 80

1) not showing a sympathetic understanding of the feelings of other people ex) Katharine Moon of the Brookings Institution, a think-tank in Washington DC, says state heavy-handedness has repeatedly irked local communities, particularly when it suggests the bilateral military alliance takes precedence over their livelihoods and self-governance. a heavy-handed approach

Answer 81

1) [intransitive, transitive] scoff (at somebody/something) | + speech to talk about somebody/something in a way that makes it clear that you think they are stupid or ridiculous synonym mock ex) Though small leftist outfits that resent its 28,000 troops and champion engagement with North Korea have rallied against THAAD in the capital, Seoul, they have managed to mobilise only a few hundred people. For now Seongju's conservative protesters scoff at joining forces. He scoffed at our amateurish attempts. Don't scoff—she's absolutely right.

Answer 82

1) [transitive] tack something + adv./prep. to fasten something in place with a tack (압정) or tacks synonym nail ex) A group of elderly local women -- anti-THAAD badges tacked to their flowery pink pyjamas -- recently pulled an enormous portrait of Ms. Park from the wall of their community centre, which stands not far from where some of her ancestors are buried. The carpet was tacked to the floor. 2) [transitive] tack something (+ adv./prep.) to fasten pieces of cloth together temporarily with long loose stitches before sewing them finally ex) She tacked the sleeve of the blouse into the armhole. 3) [intransitive] (specialist) to change the direction of a sailing boat so that the wind blows onto the sails from the opposite side; to do this several times in order to travel in the direction that the wind is coming from

Answer 83

2) [intransitive] reel (at/from/with something) to feel very shocked or upset about something ex) Her party is still reeling from the loss of its majority in legislative elections in April -- the first time for a ruling party in 16 years. I was still reeling from the shock.

Answer 84

ratification noun BrE /ˌrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ ; NAmE /ˌrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ [uncountable] the act or process of making an agreement officially valid by voting for or signing it ex) Two minor opposition parties are drafting a resolution demanding that THAAD require parliamentary ratification. The agreement is subject to ratification by the Senate.

Answer 85

a person who makes or asks the questions in an opinion poll ex) In a survey of South Koreans by Realmeter, a pollster, only a third agreed that deployment should not require MPs' approval. Pollsters predicted a victory for the government.

Answer 86

very strong feelings about something synonym enthusiasm ex) Choi Jong-kun of Yonsei University, in Seoul, thinks that presidential hopefuls will build election platforms on the promise of postponement. Perhaps by then some of the fervour will have cooled. She kissed him with unusual fervour. religious/patriotic fervour

Answer 87

arsonist noun BrE /ˈɑːsənɪst/ ; NAmE /ˈɑːrsənɪst/ a person who commits the crime of arson ex) My classmate got an arsonist for her first client.

Answer 88

US (informal) put off confronting a difficult issue or making an important decision, typically on a continuing basis. ex) With the funny stories that Alex would bring to session, it was easy for me just to nod my head while we kicked the can down the road. I appreciate that he doesn't want to raise taxes, but sooner or later you have to stop kicking the can down the road.

Answer 89

a person who behaves in a stupid way ex) I said, "Sure, she's dating down, she's sleeping with a knucklehead, but it's not like she's going to marry the guy." Anybody but a complete knucklehead could do the job.

Answer 90

1) the time during which a machine, especially a computer, is not working cf. uptime: the time during which a machine, especially a computer, is working 2) (especially North American English) the time when somebody stops working and is able to relax ex) Yes, people settle down later than they used to, but that didn't make Alex's 20s a developmental downtime. Everyone needs a little downtime.

Answer 91

2) (formal) (of a rate of increase) becoming faster and faster ex) We know that the first 10 years of a career has an exponential impact on how much money you're going to earn. exponential growth/increase

Answer 92

finish or complete, as with some decisive action ex) We know that the brain caps off its second and last growth spurt in your 20s as it rewires itself for adulthood, which means that whatever it is you want to change about yourself, now is the time to change it. He capped off the meeting with a radical proposal.

Answer 93

far more than is usual or expected synonym excessive ex) It's a time when your ordinary, day-to-day life has an inordinate impact on who you will become. They spent an inordinate amount of time and money on the production. The strike has led to inordinate delays.

Answer 94

showing that you do not take something as seriously as other people think you should ex) Okay, now that sounds a little flip, but make no mistake, the stakes are very high. a flippant answer/attitude` Sorry, I didn't mean to sound flippant. You can’t afford to be flippant about such matters.

Answer 95

Now in that moment, it took everything I had not to say, "I will."

Answer 96

1) (old use, for example in the Bible) beget somebody to become the father of a child ex) Isaac begat Jacob. 2) beget something (formal or old-fashioned) to make something happen ex) I didn't know the future of Emma's career, and no one knows the future of work, but I do know this: Identity capital begets identity capital. Violence begets violence.

Answer 97

careful when dealing with somebody/something because you think that there may be a danger or problem synonym cautious ex) Every time Fashion Week returns to the city, the subways crowded with long-legged adolescents with stylish shoes and wary eyes, I can't help but think about myself at age 14. Be wary of strangers who offer you a ride. She was wary of getting involved with him. He gave her a wary look. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town (= watch it carefully, in case there is trouble).

Answer 98

1) (disapproving) imagining or pretending things to be different or more exciting than they really are synonym fantasy ex) I remember being excited by this incredible land of make-believe, a land where women ruled. They live in a world of make-believe. 2) imagining that something is real, or that you are somebody else, for example in a child’s game ‘Let's play make-believe,’ said Sam.

Answer 99

without saying or showing that you are sorry about something, even in situations in which other people might expect you to ex) It was feminism at work, with female lead characters who were unapologetically powerful and sexy. The movie was unapologetically romantic. He unapologetically defended the accuracy of the poll results.

Answer 100

1) to act in a way that is aggressive or full of energy 2) to succeed or win in an impressive way ex) During my time on the show, on six episodes from the fourth to the fifth seasons, I kicked butt.

Answer 101

2) [intransitive] to become weaker or fail to make progress ex) Hundreds of thousands of children languish in orphanages. The share price languished at 102p.

Answer 102

a very small amount of money that somebody receives, for example as a wage, and that is hardly enough to live on ex) In post-civil-war Guatemala middlemen paid poor women a pittance to get pregnant repeatedly -- or simply stole babies and sold them. to pay somebody a pittance to work for a pittance She could barely survive on the pittance she received as a pension.

Answer 103

[singular] exodus (from…) (to…) (formal or humorous) a situation in which many people leave a place at the same time ex) As countries have implemented the Hague Adoption Convention, passed in the wake of the Romanian exodus, they have stamped out the worst cases. the mass exodus from Paris to the country in the summer The play was so awful that there was a general exodus from the theatre at the interval.

Answer 104

[singular] smidgen (of something) (informal) a small piece or amount of something ex) No one cares for you a smidge. ‘Sugar?’ ‘Just a smidgen.’

Answer 105

truce noun BrE /truːs/ ; NAmE /truːs/ an agreement between enemies or opponents to stop fighting for an agreed period of time; the period of time that this lasts ex) China's Didi Chuxing and America's Uber declare a truce in their ride-hailing war. to call/break a truce

Answer 106

forerunner (of somebody/something) a person or thing that came before and influenced somebody/something else that is similar; a sign of what is going to happen ex) Over the past several years Uber, an American ride-hailing firm, has lost a fortune competing in China with Didi Chuxing, an inventive local rival, and its forerunners. Country music was undoubtedly one of the forerunners of rock and roll. He is recognized as the forerunner of all modern-day British Prime Ministers. An early penalty goal proved the forerunner of a disastrous performance by Scotland.

Answer 107

1) confident in an aggressive way ex) The brash Silicon Valley giant has done what seemed unthinkable just a few weeks ago: surrendered. Beneath his brash exterior, he's still a little boy inside.

Answer 108

1) without naturally raised curves (= arches) under the feet 평발인 2) (especially North American English) not prepared for what is going to happen ex) Critics of Uber's record in China say the American firm was both late to the market and sometimes flat-footed as it tried to adapt. They were caught flat-footed by the attack.

Answer 109

1) feeling sick; wanting to vomit synonym nauseous ex) Travelling by boat makes me queasy. His stomach still felt queasy and he was grateful for the fresh air. 2) slightly nervous or worried about something ex) But it was Uber's investors who had been growing particularly queasy about the bloodbath in China. Now she’d arrived she felt queasy inside.

Answer 110

a situation in which many people are killed violently synonym massacre ex) But it was Uber's investors who had been growing particularly queasy about the bloodbath in China. They have threatened a bloodbath if he does not resign.

Answer 111

1) dilute something (with something) to make a liquid weaker by adding water or another liquid to it synonym water down ex) The paint can be diluted with water to make a lighter shade. 2) dilute something to make something weaker or less effective synonym water down ex) A long fight in China could have drained its resources and forced it to raise more money, diluting their stake. Large classes dilute the quality of education that children receive.

Answer 112

the sum of two pence ex) The stake in Didi should rise in value, and Uber can take a share of Chinese growth without having to spend another tuppence there.

Answer 113

(disapproving) to divide a company, an area of land, etc. into smaller parts in order to share it between people ex) There are whispers that Didi and Uber are quickly moving forward with plans to carve up the world between them. They have been accused of carving up the industry for their own benefit.

Answer 114

3) a piece of news that is spread by being talked about but may not be true synonym rumour ex) There are whispers that Didi and Uber are quickly moving forward with plans to carve up the world between them. I've heard whispers that he's leaving.

Answer 115

predate something to be built or formed, or to happen, at an earlier date than something else in the past opposite post-date ex) Speculation that predated this week's news, that Lyft could be sold, has grown stronger still. Few of the town's fine buildings predate the earthquake of 1755.

Answer 116

a person, team, country, etc. that is thought to be in a weaker position than others and therefore not likely to be successful, win a competition, etc. opposite overdog ex) Because the underdog in ride-hailing markets typically needs subsidies more than the dominant firm, the new regime would have harmed it most had it stayed the course in China. Before the game we were definitely the underdogs. In politics, he was a champion of the underdog (= always fought for the rights of weaker people).

Answer 117

to continue doing something until it has finished or been completed, even though it is difficult ex) Because the underdog in ride-hailing markets typically needs subsidies more than the dominant firm, the new regime would have harmed it most had it stayed the course in China. Very few of the trainees have stayed the course.

Answer 118

in a quick and unkind way synonym sharply (1) ex) The Ministry of Commerce on August 2nd tartly rejected Didi's claim that the deal was not subject to anti-trust scrutiny. ‘Too late!’ said my mother tartly.

Answer 119

1) that appears to be something but is not really so ex) a quasi-scientific explanation 2) partly; almost ex) But the government has also allowed lots of big mergers and quasi-monopolies in various sectors of the internet already. a quasi-official body

Answer 120

penchant for something a special liking for something synonym fondness ex) It has a penchant for national champions, and Didi, after digesting its chief foe in China, will certainly be one. She has a penchant for champagne.

Answer 121

(North American English, informal) to give somebody help and support ex) "I'm a breast cancer survivor," and it was okay to talk about it. And then physicians have gone to bat.

Answer 122

The Yentl Syndrome refers to the different course of action that heart attacks usually follow for women than for men. This is a problem because much of medical research has focused primarily on symptoms of male heart attacks, and many women have died due to misdiagnosis because their symptoms present differently. * The name is taken from the 1983 film Yentl starring Barbra Streisand in which her character plays the role of a male in order to receive the education she desires. The phrase was coined in a 1991 academic paper by Dr. Bernadine Healy titled "The Yentl syndrome." ex) And right around that time, in the 1980's, that we saw women and heart disease deaths going up, up, up, up, up, she wrote an editorial in the New England Journal of Medicine and said, the Yentl syndrome.

Answer 123

HRT noun BrE /ˌeɪtʃ ɑː ˈtiː/ ; NAmE /ˌeɪtʃ ɑːr ˈtiː/ [uncountable] the abbreviation for ‘hormone replacement therapy’ (medical treatment for women going through the menopause in which hormones are added to the body) ex) It told us about hormone replacement therapy. It's informed us about osteoporosis. women taking hormone replacement therapy

Answer 124

osteoporosis noun BrE /ˌɒstiəʊpəˈrəʊsɪs/ ; NAmE /ˌɑːstioʊpəˈroʊsɪs/ (also brittle bone disease) [uncountable](medical) a condition in which the bones become weak and are easily broken, usually when people get older or because they do not eat enough of certain substances ex) It told us about hormone replacement therapy. It's informed us about osteoporosis.

Answer 125

ischaemia (North American English ischemia BrE /ɪˈskiːmiə/ ; NAmE /ɪˈskiːmiə/ ) [uncountable](medical) the situation when the supply of blood to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles, is less than is needed ex) Why are more and more women dying of ischemic heart disease? 국소 빈혈성 [허혈성] 심장 `질병

Answer 126

ECG noun BrE /ˌiː siː ˈdʒiː/ ; NAmE /ˌiː siː ˈdʒiː/ (North American English also EKG) the abbreviation for ‘electrocardiogram [electrokardiogramme]’ (a medical test that measures and records electrical activity of the heart) ex) Some women have those heart attacks, but a whole bunch of women have this kind of heart attack, where it erodes, doesn't completely fill with clot, symptoms are subtle, EKG findings are different -- female-pattern.

Answer 127

central; very important; connected with or providing a focus ex) When we watch people become obese, where do men get fat? Right here, it's just a focal -- right there. The Student Liaison Officer acts as a focal point for student political activity. The focal symbol of sovereignty is, of course, the crown.

Answer 128

the physical activity of sex

Answer 129

angiogram noun /ˈanjēəˌɡram/ an X-ray photograph of blood or lymph vessels, made by angiography. ex) And if you did that angiogram, which is the red, you can see the man's disease.

Answer 130

3) [countable] (biology) the kind of senses that the body uses to experience things ex) This was the only modality that can see the inner lining of the heart. the visual and auditory modalities

Answer 131

4) [countable, uncountable] (medical) something that blocks a passage or tube in your body; a medical condition resulting from this synonym blockage ex) The syndrome, the female-pattern now is called microvascular coronary dysfunction, or obstruction. He had an operation to remove an obstruction in his throat. bowel/intestinal obstruction

Answer 132

A thallium scan is a test that uses a radioactive substance (known as a tracer) to produce images of the heart muscle. When combined with an exercise test, the thallium scan helps determine if areas of the heart do not receive enough blood. ex) So unlike the CAT scans, X-rays, thalliums, for women whose breast is in the way of looking at the heart, every time we order something that has even a small amount of radiation, we say, "Do we really need that test?"

Answer 133

I check Facebook when I am missing those with whom I would rather have real contact.

Answer 134

slaughterhouse

Answer 135

dog days noun [plural] the hottest period of the year the dog days of summer

Answer 136

But we don't take issue with that.

Answer 137

to make progress, especially when this is slow or difficult ex) Amazon is struggling to make headway. We are making little headway with the negotiations. The boat was unable to make much headway against the tide. Some headway has been made towards restoring the balance of power.

Answer 138

1) capitulation (to somebody/something) the act of accepting that you have been defeated by an enemy or opponent synonym surrender (1) ex) For many, the lessons of this latest capitulation are clear. a humiliating/shameful capitulation

Answer 139

cosset somebody (often disapproving) to treat somebody with a lot of care and give them a lot of attention, sometimes too much synonym pamper ex) In short, China is closed, its firms are cosseted and their talent is for mimicry. As a child, she had been spoiled and cosseted.

Answer 140

the action or skill of being able to copy the voice, movements, etc. of others ex) In short, China is closed, its firms are cosseted and their talent is for mimicry. a talent for mimicry Parrots specialize in vocal mimicry.

Answer 141

(saying) to make good use of opportunities, good conditions, etc. while they last ex) Now Didi, whose forerunner firms were founded in 2012, three years after Uber introduced ride-hailing, can make hay.

Answer 142

3) [transitive] hobble something to make it more difficult for somebody to do something or for something to happen ex) The usual story about the isolated nature of the Chinese market is that foreign firms are either blocked altogether or hobbled by regulators. Our work is hobbled by the amount of bureaucracy involved.

Answer 143

below a level of quality that is usual or expected ex) The government has indeed restricted competition in some areas -- which is why China has subpar clones of Western firms, such as Baidu in search or Renren, an ailing knock-off of Facebook. a subpar performance

Answer 144

1) that cannot be entered, passed through or seen through opposite penetrable ex) But China is not as impenetrable as its critics suggest. an impenetrable jungle impenetrable darkness

Answer 145

very brave and determined, especially in a difficult situation synonym courageous ex) And Uber made a valiant effort to establish itself in China, the world's largest ride-hailing market: a 17.7% stake in Didi is not a bad consolation prize. valiant warriors She made a valiant attempt not to laugh. The firefighters made valiant efforts to save them, but were beaten back by the flames.

Answer 146

(of an activity) in which people compete with each other in aggressive and unfair ways ex) Ride-hailing, like many online businesses, is a cut-throat, winner-takes-all market: Didi itself is the product of a 2015 merger of two local firms. the cut-throat world of politics

Answer 147

(British English) to get/keep somebody’s support ex) Didi understood the local culture, integrated better with social-media platforms and got taxi drivers onside by incorporating them into its app from the beginning. The party needs to keep the major national newspapers onside if it's going to win the next election.

Answer 148

(British English) to say or decide that it is time for something to finish ex) In outlawing subsidies, the regulators called time on a fight the American firm had already lost.

Answer 149

1) a quick and clever reply, especially to criticism synonym retort ex) a witty riposte 2) a course of action that takes place in response to something that has happened ex) WeChat is the best riposte to the condescending, widely held belief that Chinese internet firms are merely imitators of Western ones, and cannot innovate themselves. The US delivered an early riposte to the air attack.

Answer 150

behaving as though you are more important and more intelligent than other people ex) WeChat is the best riposte to the condescending, widely held belief that Chinese internet firms are merely imitators of Western ones, and cannot innovate themselves. He has a condescending attitude towards women. Her tone of voice was always so condescending. He looked around and made some condescending remark. She ignored his condescending tone.

Answer 151

How to strike the balance between convenience and dominance is the great question for regulators in the digital age.

Answer 152

trailblazer noun BrE /ˈtreɪlbleɪzə(r)/ ; NAmE /ˈtreɪlbleɪzər/ a person who is the first to do or discover something and so makes it possible for others to follow ex) If China's tech trailblazers aim to become truly global champions, then competition is their friend. a trailblazer in the field of genetic engineering * blaze a trail to be the first to do or to discover something that others follow ex) The department is blazing a trail in the field of laser surgery.

Answer 153

slime noun BrE /slaɪm/ ; NAmE /slaɪm/ [uncountable] any unpleasant thick liquid substance ex) In Florida, green slime infests beaches, in large part because failure to upgrade an 80-year-old dike or to purchase more land as a runoff area is forcing the Army Corps of Engineers to release polluted water from Lake Okeechobee. The pond was full of mud and green slime. Snails and slugs leave a trail of slime. * slimy adjective BrE /ˈslaɪmi/ ; NAmE /ˈslaɪmi/ (slimier, slimiest) 1) like or covered with slime ex) thick slimy mud The walls were black, cold and slimy. 2) (informal, disapproving) (of a person or their manner) polite and extremely friendly in a way that is not sincere or honest

Answer 154

[usually passive] infest something (especially of insects or animals such as rats) to exist in large numbers in a particular place, often causing damage or disease ex) In Florida, green slime infests beaches, in large part because failure to upgrade an 80-year-old dike or to purchase more land as a runoff area is forcing the Army Corps of Engineers to release polluted water from Lake Okeechobee. shark-infested waters The kitchen was infested with ants. These parasites infest the gills of freshwater fish.

Answer 155

dyke noun (also dike) BrE /daɪk/ ; NAmE /daɪk/ 1) a long thick wall that is built to stop water flooding onto a low area of land, especially from the sea ex) In Florida, green slime infests beaches, in large part because failure to upgrade an 80-year-old dike or to purchase more land as a runoff area is forcing the Army Corps of Engineers to release polluted water from Lake Okeechobee.

Answer 156

2) [uncountable, countable] rain, water or other liquid that runs off land into streams and rivers ex) In Florida, green slime infests beaches, in large part because failure to upgrade an 80-year-old dike or to purchase more land as a runoff area is forcing the Army Corps of Engineers to release polluted water from Lake Okeechobee. Agricultural run-off containing pesticides is polluting the river.

Answer 157

The United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE),[5] also sometimes shortened to CoE is a U.S. federal agency under the Department of Defense and a major Army command made up of some 37,000 civilian and military personnel, making it one of the world's largest public engineering, design, and construction management agencies. Although generally associated with dams, canals and flood protection in the United States, USACE is involved in a wide range of public works throughout the world. ex) In Florida, green slime infests beaches, in large part because failure to upgrade an 80-year-old dike or to purchase more land as a runoff area is forcing the Army Corps of Engineers to release polluted water from Lake Okeechobee.

Answer 158

intone something | + speech (formal) to say something in a slow and serious voice without much expression ex) People who say this usually like to cite big numbers -- "Our debt is 19 trillion dollars," they intone in their best Dr. Evil voice. The priest intoned the final prayer.

Answer 159

4) (formal) a statement that expresses an opinion ex) A large part of our political class is committed to the proposition that any and all government efforts to improve our lives are doomed to failure -- a proposition that turns into a self-fulfilling prophecy then these people are actually in office. Her assessment is based on the proposition that power corrupts.

Answer 160

2) to reject somebody/something that you have previously been connected with ex) But to hold that view you have to turn your back on our own history: American greatness was in large part created by government investment or private investment shaped by public support, from the Erie Canal, to the transcontinental railroads, to the Interstate Highway System. She turned her back on them when they needed her. Some newspapers have turned their backs on discussion and argument.

Answer 161

to keep talking about something in a boring or annoying way ex) As for the constant harping on individual failures, all large organizations, private businesses very much included, engage in some projects that don't work out. Don’t keep harping on about my age! He is always harping on about the war.

Answer 162

[not before noun] fixated (on somebody/something) always thinking and talking about somebody/something in a way that is not normal ex) Five years ago the Beltway crowd was fixated on debt and deficits as the great evils. He is fixated on things that remind him of his childhood.

Answer 163

scorched earth policy (in a war) a policy of destroying anything in a particular area that may be useful to the enemy ex) The bad news is that even if Hillary Clinton wins, she may well face the same kind of scorched-earth Republican opposition President Obama faced from day one.