Extracurricular Lessons 2 Flashcards
tank verb
BrE /tæŋk/ ; NAmE /tæŋk/
1) [intransitive] (North American English) (of a company or a product) to fail completely
ex) You book proposal might get rejected, your start-up might tank.
The company’s shares tanked on Wall Street.
2) [transitive, intransitive] tank (something) (North American English, sport) to lose a game, especially deliberately
ex) She was accused of tanking the match.
fall flat
if a joke, a story, or an event falls flat, it completely fails to amuse people or to have the effect that was intended
ex) Your client pitch might fall flat.
Without Jem, the whole evening would have fallen flat.
flop verb
BrE /flɒp/ ; NAmE /flɑːp/
3) [intransitive] (informal) to be a complete failure
ex) You tell yourself that if the book proposal flops, then you’ll start applying for staff writer positions.
The play flopped on Broadway.
England flopped in the European Championship.
Many of his ambitious schemes have flopped in the past.
ameliorate verb
BrE /əˈmiːliəreɪt/ ; NAmE /əˈmiːliəreɪt/
ameliorate something (formal) to make something better
ex) Fear of failure is actually a powerful driver toward success, and by ameliorating that anxiety, a backup plan makes it more likely you’ll enter cruise mode, rather than forge ahead with single-minded ambition.
Steps have been taken to ameliorate the situation.
The new laws were designed to ameliorate the problem of chronic debt.
The side-effects of the treatment can be ameliorated to some extent.
decipher verb
BrE /dɪˈsaɪfə(r)/ ; NAmE /dɪˈsaɪfər/
decipher something to succeed in finding the meaning of something that is difficult to read or understand
ex) To test their theory that backup plans sap motivation, the researchers conducted four experiments involving hundreds of people who were asked to decipher scrambled sentences in a given timeframe.
to decipher a code
Can anyone decipher his handwriting?
I couldn’t decipher her handwiting.
She watched the girl’s expression closely, trying to decipher her meaning.
unscramble verb
BrE /ˌʌnˈskræmbl/ ; NAmE /ˌʌnˈskræmbl/
1) unscramble something to change a word, message, television signal, etc. that has been sent in a code so that it can be read or understood
opposite scramble
ex) The consistent finding was that participants who devised backup plans unscrambled fewer sentences.
2) unscramble something to arrange something that is confused or in the wrong order in a clear correct way
douse verb (also dowse) BrE /daʊs/ ; NAmE /daʊs/
present simple I / you / we / they douse BrE /daʊs/ ; NAmE /daʊs/
he / she / it douses BrE /ˈdaʊsɪz/ ; NAmE /ˈdaʊsɪz/
past simple doused BrE /daʊst/ ; NAmE /daʊst/
past participle doused BrE /daʊst/ ; NAmE /daʊst/
-ing form dousing BrE /ˈdaʊsɪŋ/ ; NAmE /ˈdaʊsɪŋ/
1) douse something (with something) to stop a fire from burning by pouring water over it; to put out a light
ex) Nonetheless, the experiments support a compelling intuition – that by dousing your fear, a backup plan can also extinguish your burning passion.
He doused the flames with a fire extinguisher.
2) douse somebody/something (in/with something) to pour a lot of liquid over somebody/something; to soak somebody/something in liquid
ex) The car was doused in petrol and set alight.
The horses are doused with buckets of cold water.
dogged adjective
BrE /ˈdɒɡɪd/ ; NAmE /ˈdɔːɡɪd/ usually before noun
showing determination; not giving up easily
synonym tenacious
ex) Logic suggests this is most likely to be a problem when your goal depends on dogged determination, much less so for “punts” the success of which depends much more on luck – in this latter case, backup plans are a shrewd idea with no apparent downside.
dogged determination/persistence
their dogged defence of the city
even/much/still less
and certainly not
ex) Logic suggests this is most likely to be a problem when your goal depends on dogged determination, much less so for “punts” the success of which depends much more on luck – in this latter case, backup plans are a shrewd idea with no apparent downside.
No explanation was offered, still less an apology.
He’s too shy to ask a stranger the time, much less speak to a room full of people.
punt1 noun
BrE /pʌnt/ ; NAmE /pʌnt/
2) (British English, informal) a bet
ex) Logic suggests this is most likely to be a problem when your goal depends on dogged determination, much less so for “punts” the success of which depends much more on luck – in this latter case, backup plans are a shrewd idea with no apparent downside.
The investment is little more than a punt.
shrewd adjective
BrE /ʃruːd/ ; NAmE /ʃruːd/ (shrewder, shrewdest)
1) clever at understanding and making judgements about a situation
synonym astute
ex) a shrewd businessman
She is a shrewd judge of character.
2) showing good judgement and likely to be right
ex) Logic suggests this is most likely to be a problem when your goal depends on dogged determination, much less so for “punts” the success of which depends much more on luck – in this latter case, backup plans are a shrewd idea with no apparent downside.
a shrewd move
I have a shrewd idea who the mystery caller was.
이병 (이등병)
일병 (일등병)
상병
병장
Private (BrE /ˈpraɪvət/ ; NAmE /ˈpraɪvət/ (abbreviation Pte)
Private First Class
Corporal (BrE /ˈkɔːpərəl/ ; NAmE /ˈkɔːrpərəl/ (abbreviation Cpl)
Sergeant (BrE /ˈsɑːdʒənt/ ; NAmE /ˈsɑːrdʒənt/ (abbreviation Sergt, Sgt)
[부사관] 하사 중사 상사 원사
Staff Sergeant
Sergeant First Class
Master Sergeant
Sergeant Major
준위
Warrant Officer
[장교]
소위
중위
대위
소령
중령
대령
준장 소장 중장 대장 원수
Second Lieutenant
First Lieutenant
Captain (abbreviation Capt.)
Major (abbreviation Maj.)
Lieutenant Colonel
Colonel (BrE /ˈkɜːnl/ ; NAmE /ˈkɜːrnl/ (abbreviation Col.)
Brigadier General (BrE /ˌbrɪɡəˈdɪə(r)/ ; NAmE /ˌbrɪɡəˈdɪr/ (abbreviation Brig. Gen.)
Major General
Lieutenant General
General (abbreviation Gen.)
General of Armies
김영란법
The Kim Young-ran Act
Anti-bribery law
The Improper Solicitation and Graft Act
ex) Korea’s new anti-bribery law, the Improper Solicitation and Graft Act, will take effect Sept. 28.
축의금, 조의금
congratulatory money | marriage money
condolence money | funeral money
ex) The most controversial part of the new act was to limit the value of meals, gifts and congratulatory or condolence money.
~에 대한 보상/대가
quid pro quo noun
BrE /ˌkwɪd prəʊ ˈkwəʊ/ ; NAmE /ˌkwɪd proʊ ˈkwoʊ/ singular
a thing given in return for something else
ex) They will be indicted for bribery even though there was no quid pro quo.
반포[공포] 하다
promulgate verb
BrE /ˈprɒmlɡeɪt/ ; NAmE /ˈprɑːmlɡeɪt/ (formal)
promulgate something to announce a new law or system officially or publicly
ex) President Park promulgated the new law on March 26, 2015, and Korea’s Constitutional Court ruled on July 28 this year that the new law was constitutional, allowing the controversial law to take effect as scheduled.
The new constitution was promulgated in 2006.
각료 회의
장관급/차관급
BrE /ˌmɪnɪˈstɪəriəl/ ; NAmE /ˌmɪnɪˈstɪriəl/
On August 29, the ordinances of the anti-bribery law including the limits of 30,000 won, 50,000 won and 100,000 won were critically reviewed at a vice ministerial meeting. This is to be finalized at a forthcoming ministerial meeting before implementation.
내국민대우 원칙에 따라
The Kim Young-ran Act will apply to domestic citizens as well as foreign nationals by the principle of national treatment.
atrocious adjective
BrE /əˈtrəʊʃəs/ ; NAmE /əˈtroʊʃəs/
Add to my wordlist
1) very bad or unpleasant
synonym terrible
ex) Also in the New Testament, the most atrocious case of a bribe was Judas’ betrayal of his teacher, Jesus, for 30 pieces of silver.
She speaks French with an atrocious accent.
Isn’t the weather atrocious?
2) very cruel and shocking
ex) atrocious acts of brutality
treachery noun
BrE /ˈtretʃəri/ ; NAmE /ˈtretʃəri/ uncountable, countable
behaviour that involves not being loyal to somebody who trusts you; an example of this
ex) A direct result of Judas’ treachery was that Jesus was arrested and crucified.
an act of treachery
He was punished for his treacheries.
Rumours of treachery and conspiracy began to circulate in the Queen’s court.
십자가에 못 박히다
crucify verb
BrE /ˈkruːsɪfaɪ/ ; NAmE /ˈkruːsɪfaɪ/
1) crucify somebody to kill somebody as a punishment by fastening them to a wooden cross
ex) A direct result of Judas’ treachery was that Jesus was arrested and crucified.
2) crucify somebody (informal) to criticize or punish somebody very severely
ex) The prime minister was crucified in the press for his handling of the affair.
뇌물 수수
bribery noun
BrE /ˈbraɪbəri/ ; NAmE /ˈbraɪbəri/ [uncountable]
the giving or taking of bribes
ex) Korea’s new anti-bribery law, the Improper Solicitation and Graft Act, will take effect Sept. 28.
She was arrested on bribery charges.
allegations of bribery and corruption
