The Senses Flashcards
what are the 5 senses
touch
smell
taste
sight
hear
what is the touch organ
the skin
what is the largest organ in the body
the skin
what does the skin contain that allows it to feel
contains different receptors for pain, touch and temperature.
why are some areas of skin more sensitive than others?
receptors are found a different concentration at different locations ie palm of hand is more sensitive.
what are the 3 layers of the skin
adipose tissue, dermis, epidermis
what does the epidermis consist of
cornified layer
granular layer
Malpighian layer
what are the 3 hair labels
erector muscle
hair
sebaceous gland
what are the 3 sweat labels
sweat pore
sweat duct
sweat gland
what is the organ of taste
the tongue
what tastes can taste buds detect
sweet
salty
sour
bitter
what is the organ of smell
the nose
what does the nose contain that allows it to detect many smells
the olfactory neurond
what is the organ of sight
eye
what are the labels for the eye
conjuctiva
cornea
aqueous humour
pupil
lens
iris
suspensory ligaments
ciliary muscle
sclera
choroid
retina
foyea
blind spot
optic nerve
vitreous humour
external muscle
function of conjunctiva
membrane around the eye, for protection
function of Sclera
tough white coat that holds the eye in shape
function of cornea
front part of the sclera, lets light in and bends and focuses it onto
function of retina
acts as a screen for images we view. contains light receptors ie rods and cones
function of fovea
part of retina where most images are formed
function of blind spot
where the optic nerve leaves the retina, no cones or rods
function of optic nerve
carries impules to the brain
function of lens
focuses light on the retina
function of iris
coloured part of eye which controls the amount of light let in
function of pupil
black circle at the front of the eye, lets light into the eye
function of ciliary muscle
changes the shape of the lens
function of aqueous/vitreous humour
give shape to the eye
what colours do rods detect
black and white
what colours do cones detect
3 types of cone:
red
blue
green
do we have more rods or cones?/
rods
labels for the ear
pinna
auditory canal
eardrum
hammer
anvil
stirrup
(ossicles)
semi-circular canals
vestibular nerve
cochlear nerve
cochlea
eustachian tube
what is the hearing organ
the ear
what is the smallest bone in the body
stirrup in ear
function of pinna
collect and channel vibrations
function of auditory canal
carry vibrations to eardrum. lined with wax for protection
function of eardrum
tightly stretched membranes that vibrate when vibrations hit it
function of ossicles
amplify vibrations as they transmit them to inner ear
function of Eustachian tube
opens and closes to maintain pressure and balance between outer and middle ear.
function of cochlea (hearing)
vibrations converted to pressure waves at membrane in cochlea
pressure waves stimulate receptors in cochlea which sends impulses to the brain
impulses are carried to brain via cochlear nerve to interpret what we hear
function of vestibular apparatus (balance)
the main parts of the vestibular apparatus are the semi circular canals
the canals contain many receptors and a liquid called lymph
when we move the liquid moves around the canals
the receptors detect this movement from the movement of the lymph and send impulses to the cerebellum
name a hearing disorder
glue ear
what causes glue ear
too much sticky fluid in the middle ear preventing the ear drum and ossicle movement, hindering hearing
treatments of glue ear
corrected by decongestants or grommets
what is a grommet
a small narrow tube that allows air into the middle ear
