Diffusion + Osmosis

Question 1

diffusion

Answer 1

the movement of mole cues from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration

Question 2

osmosis

Answer 2

the movement of water molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration across a semi permeable membrane

Question 3

solvent

Answer 3

a substance another substance can dissolve in ie water

Question 4

solute

Answer 4

dissolved chemical

Question 5

solution

Answer 5

mixture of solvent and solute

Question 6

fully permeable membrane

Answer 6

any substance/ molecule can pass through freely eg. cell wall

Question 7

selectively permeable membrane

Answer 7

controlled entry and exit of molecules eg. nuclear membrane

Question 8

semi-permeable membrane

Answer 8

some molecules can pass through depending on the size of the molecule eg.cell membrane

Question 9

impermeable

Answer 9

no substance can pass through eg.tubules of nephron in the absence of ADH

Question 10

cell in less concentrated environment

Answer 10

water moves into cell causing it to enlarge and eventually burst and die

hypotonic cell

Question 11

cell in more concentrated solution (animal

Answer 11

water moves out of cell by osmosis causing the cell to shrivel CRENATION

Question 12

cell in the same concentrated solution (animal

Answer 12

isotonic state

Question 13

plant cell in less concentrated environment

Answer 13

cell wall= fully permeable
water moves into cell
cytoplasm pushes against cell wall but the cell does not burst
cell is turgid

Question 14

turgor pressure

Answer 14

the force of the cell contents pushing against the cell wall

Question 15

give 1 benefit of a plant cell being turgor

Answer 15

allows the plant to stay upright

Question 16

cell in more concentrated solution

Answer 16

cell membrane shrinks and pulls away from cell wall
this leaves a gap between cell wall and cytoplasm
this is called plasmolysis
plant loses turgor and wilts

Question 17

what feature allows plant cells to remain turgid for a long period of time

Answer 17

the cell wall

Question 18

explain how osmosis works in food preservation

Answer 18

adding high levels of salt or sugar will preserve food
microorganisms such as bacteria will loose water by osmosis and shrivel
this kills the microbes
eg. tuna in brime

Question 19

active transport

Answer 19

the process where chemicals are taken into a cell against the diffusion gradient

Question 20

does active transport require energy?

Answer 20

yes

Question 21

does diffusion require energy?

Answer 21

diffusion is passive so no