Cell Structure Flashcards
compound microscope
also known as a light microscope
used in school lab
has 2 lenses (objective + eyepiece)
total magnification
multiply the power of the 2 lenses
function of eyepiece/objective lens
magnify image
function of nosepiece
rotates the desired objective lens
function of condenser
focuses light
function of diaphragm
adjusts amount of light
function of fine focus
to precisely focus image
smaller knob
function of coarse focus
roughly focuses image
bigger knob
microscope diagram**
pg 57 notes
electron microscope
uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify an image
how does an electron microscope work?
a transmission electron microscope (TEM) sends a beam of electrons through a specimen allowing internal structures to be viewed
electron microscopes are much more powerful than a light microscope
cell ultrastructure
the detail of a cell as seen under an electron microscope
animal cell diagram***
pg 58 book 1 LABELS
plant cell diagram***
pg 58 notes LABELS
function of cell membrane
retains cell contents
provides some support
allows entry or exit of molecules in or out of cell
where is the cell membrane?
found directly inside cell wall (plants)
function of the nucleus
control centre of cell
nuclear pore- allows mRNA in/out of the nucleus
nucleolus-makes ribosomes
what is the nucleus made of
made of structures called chromatin which is composed of DNA and protein
function of the mitochondria
site of respiration
supplies energy to the cell
function of the chloroplast
site of photosynthesis
contains a loop of DNA
function of the cell wall
provides strength and support to plant
made of cellulose ie fully permeable
function of ribosomes
make proteins
composed of protein + RNA
what organelles do plant cells have that animal cells don’t?
chloroplast
cell wall
vacuole
function of vacuole
stores food
prokaryotic cells
cells that do not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles
what are the features of prokaryotes
single celled
have a loop of DNA instead of nucleus
no membrane enclosed organelles
eg bacteria
eukaryotic cells
cells that have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
features of eukaryotes
multicellular
larger than prokaryotic cells
more advanced that prokaryotic cells
eg plants, animals, fungi
experiment: to use a light microscope**
pg 61 book 1
experiment: to prepare and examine plant + animal cells
pg 62 book 1
