Test questions for cardio strand Flashcards
how would you treat someone with elevated ST myocardial infarction (STEMI)
coronary stent and infusion with abciximab (glycoprotein IIb/IIa on platelets) reducing aggregation of these cells to prevent clotting in his stent
what does aspirin do
reduce platelet activation through inhibition of thromboxane A2
what does clopidogrel do
PIIY12 inhibitor which reduces platelet aggregation
what is rivaroxiban
direct oral anticoagulant and inhibits clotting factor Xa
which neurotransmitter is the principle postganglionic NT of the parasympathetic division
ACh
which neurotransmitter is the principle postganglionic NT of the sympathetic division
NA
what can you give someone who is bradycardic in an emergency situ
atropine as it blocks ACh and therefore less parasymathic input to the heart
in the cardiac action potential which phase involves rapid influx of Na
phase 0
in systolic heart failure which drug is used as a minerlcorticoid receptor antagonist
bisiprolol - redcues RAAS
what does ramipril do in systolic heart failure
ACE inhibitor
what does spironolactone/eplereone do in systolic heart failure
aldosterone antagonists
during systolic heart failure you perform an ECHO (echocardiogram) what is the key measurement to determine severity of HF
left ventricular ejection fraction which is calculated by dividing stroke volume by EDV
what are the 4 defects in teratology of fallot
pulmonary stenosis
overriding aorta
ventricular septal defects
right ventricular hypertrophy
what test would you do to determine a pulmonary embolism
CT pulmonary angiogram (BEST) or V/Q scanning
D-dimer can be used but not specific to PE,
someone with atrial fibrillation is given warfarin - why
it inhibits vitamin K dependant coagulation factors such as 2, 7, 9, 10