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Body Systems > Nerves of the thorax > Flashcards

Nerves of the thorax Flashcards

1
Q

what parts of the thorax does the phrenic nerve innervate

A

diaphragm and pats of the mediastinum

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2
Q

what is the route of the vagus and where is it in terms of the phrenic

A

behind the phrenic nerve which runs over the heart

vagus travels to the left and rust of the trachea and oesophagus on the posterior mediastinum - loops under the aorta

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3
Q

what is the anatomy of the sympathetic chain

A

runs laterally to the spinal cord

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4
Q

what are the divisions of the nervous system

A

central - brain and spinal cord
peripheral which slits into the somatic (conscious control of external actions such as skin and muscles) and autonomic (control of internal organs and glands) which then divides into the sympathetic and parasympathetic

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5
Q

what types of nerves are in the somatic nervous system

A

afferent (sensory)

efferent (motor)

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6
Q

what types of nerve fibres are in the autonomic system

A

afferent

efferent

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7
Q

what is the role of the parasympathetic nerves of the autonomic system

A

monitors general condition of viscera and organs

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8
Q

how many vertebra are there

A

31

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9
Q

how many spinal nerves are there

A

62

31 pairs

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10
Q

how many spinal nerve pairs are there in each spinal segment

A 
cervical - 8 
thoracic - 12 
lumbar - 5 
sacral - 5 
coccygeal - 1
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11
Q

label the diagram on the home screen for nerves in the vertebral segment

A

check home screen

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12
Q

what is the difference between grey and white matter in the spine

A

grey contains nuclei and cell bodies

white contains axons

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13
Q

what are the parts that leave the dorsal and ventral aspects of the vertebra

A

ventral - front - ventral rootlets - contain information leaving the spine ie efferent
dorsal rootlets - afferent - coming into the spine

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14
Q

what are the branches that come off a mixed spinal nerve called

A

ventral and dorsal ramus

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15
Q

what is the dilation in the dorsal root near the vertebral column called

A

dorsal root ganglion

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16
Q

describe the general structure of nerves in the CNS

A

cell body in the brain stem of the CNS then a synapse and then postgnaglionic neurones

17
Q

what is the main nerve of the parasympathetic system

A

vagus nerve

18
Q

which regions of the spine does the vagus nerve stem from

A

cranial and sacral regions

Cranial nerve 3,7,9,10

19
Q

in the sacral region which organs does the vagus nerve innervate

A

s2 - s4
parts of the large intestine
kidney and adernal gland
bladder and reproductive organs

20
Q

what is the general principle of structure of a parasympathetic neuron

A

long preganglionic fibre and short postganglionic fibre

21
Q

where do all preganglionic fibres leave the spinal cord

A

T1-L2

22
Q

what is the general structure of the sympathetic fibres

A 
short preganglionic (into sympathetic chain) 
then long post ganglionic fibre
23
Q

what is myelin sheath made from

A

white due to the prescience of fatty acids

24
Q

from the mixed spinal nerves - what do neurones enter and leave the sympathetic chain from

A

from the spinal nerve to the chain = white ramus communicans
grey - goes from mixed nerve to the periphery

25
Q

what does a plexus contain

A

both para and symp fibres

26
Q

where does the intercostal nerve originate

A

thoracic segments
T1 - 11
12 = subcostal

27
Q

what components is the intercostal nerve made form

A

autonomic sympathetic

somatic motor and sensory

28
Q

what do the intercostal nerves supply

A

intercostal muscles
costal and cranial pleura
skin adjacent to intercostal space

29
Q

where does the vagus nerve originate from

A

medulla

30
Q

what are the components of the vagus nerve made from

A

autonomic parasympathetic

somatic - motor and sensory

31
Q

what does the vagus nerve supply

A

RLN = recurrent laryngeal nerve

thoracic viscera

32
Q

what is the organ of the phrenic nerve

A

c3=c5

33
Q

what fibres make up the phrenic nerve

A

somatic motor and sensory

34
Q

what does the phrenic nerve innervate

A

diaphragm
parietal pleura - medistuinum
pericardium

35
Q

where does the RLN originate from

A

right laryngeal nerve - branch of the vagus

36
Q

what fibres make up the RLN

A

somatic - motor and sensory

37
Q

what does the RLN innervate

A

muscles of larynx

intrinsic sensory from membranes below vocal fold

Body Systems (77 decks)

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